山东省实验中学2024届高三第三次诊断考试
英语试题
2023. 12
(本试卷共12页，共四部分;全卷满分150分，考试用时120分钟)
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上。
2. 选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
3. 非选择题的作答：用0.5mm黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内，写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What will Peter do next?
A. Book tickets. B. Have a class. C. Change his schedule.
2. Where does the conversation take place?
A. In a store. B. In a car. C. In a post office.
3. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. A funny man. B. A car accident. C. A car advertisement.
4. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Co-workers. B. Neighbors. C. Boss and employee.
5. When is the weather report on?
A. At 5:50. B. At 5:55. C. At 6:10.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6. What is “Papa” used for?
A. Getting directions. B. Watching short videos. C. Ordering home service.
7. What will the woman probably do next?
A. Take exercise. B. Make a phone call. C. Download the “Papa” app.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. Where does John read about the wildlife corridor?
A. In a newspaper. B. On the Internet. C. In a magazine.
9. What do we know about the wildlife corridor now?
A. It’s mainly for mountain lions.
B. It’ll be completed in two years.
C. Construction work hasn’t begun yet.
10. What is the woman’s attitude towards the wildlife corridor?
A. Disappointed. B. Concerned. C. Pleased.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What does Jenny offer to do?
A. Find a teacher for the man.
B. Teach the man to play golf.
C. Introduce the man to a camp.
12. Why does Jenny want to learn to swim?
A. For a new hobby. B. For the work at camp. C. For some fun with kids.
13. How often will Jenny learn to swim?
A. Twice a week. B. Three times a week. C. Four times a week.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. What does Jed say about the wingsuit?
A. It has a bat pattern. B. It will become cheap. C. It is his favorite invention.
15
Who were the “talking gloves” invented for?
A. Children. B. The old. C. Deaf people.
16. Who had the idea of producing clouds Indoors?
A. Some students. B. A Dutch artist. C. A technologist.
17. What does Jed think of producing clouds indoors?
A. Wonderful. B. Impractical. C. Useless.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. How many days do inactive people feel bad per year on average?
A. 35. B. 43. C. 53.
19. What sport might have more positive effect?
A. Basketball. B. Cycling. C. Running
20 What seems to be the speaker’s opinion?
A Any exercise is better than no exercise.
B. A right type of exercise is more important.
C. A perfect balance is a must while exercising.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The University of Greenwich Tours
Take a tour of our campuses and find out from our students what it’s like to live and study at the University of Greenwich (GU).
Greenwich Campus Tour
Greenwich is a world heritage (遗产) site, where our guides will take you from our brand-new Dreadnought building, through the antique Queen Anne and King William buildings. On the way, you will pass the recently redecorated Painted Hall as well as the Greenwich town center.
Avery Hill Campus Tour
Our Avery Hill Campus covers the Southwood site. This ancient Victorian site houses teaching and library facilities, student accommodation, the students’ union and sports facilities. Our student guides will show you all the key characteristics of Southwood site, and also give you a tour of our Skills Labs.
Medway Campus Tour
Dating from 1903, the Medway Campus is located near Chatham Historic Dockyard in Kent. Self-guided tours include the teaching and learning facilities as well as the impressive student accommodation. The campus features a mix of social and leisure facilities, including our Students’ Union Hub, a restaurant in Pembroke building.
Maritime Campus Tour
Explore the historic Maritime Campus and discover its rich maritime history. Our knowledgeable guides will show you around the campus. The tour will include a visit to the beautifully restored Old Royal Naval College, where you can learn about its fascinating history and stunning architecture.
Are you looking forward to having a tour? Click here and book one now. Welcome!
1. What do all the campuses of GU have in common?
A. They possess top-class facilities. B. They offer guided campus tours.
C. They have historic constructions. D. They supply accommodation visits.
2. Which campus best suits students who enjoy an active social life?
A. Greenwich Campus Tours. B. Avery Hill Campus Tour.
C. Medway Campus Tours. D. Maritime Campus Tours.
3. Where is the text probably taken from?
A. A guidebook. B. A newspaper.
C. A travel magazine. D. A college website.
【答案】1. C 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了格林威治大学四个校区（Greenwich、Avery Hill、Medway和Maritime）的校园导览活动，包括各个校区的特色和历史，以及学生和导游的分享和介绍。读者可以通过预约参加这些校园导览活动，了解格林威治大学的校园文化和生活。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据Greenwich Campus Tour部分中“Greenwich is a world heritage (遗产) site, where our guides will take you from our brand-new Dreadnought building, through the antique Queen Anne and King William buildings. (格林威治是世界遗产，我们的导游将带您从崭新的无畏号大楼，穿过安妮女王和威廉国王的古建筑)”以及Avery Hill Campus Tour部分中“This ancient Victorian site houses teaching and library facilities, student accommodation, the students’ union and sports facilities. (这座古老的维多利亚式建筑拥有教学和图书馆设施、学生宿舍、学生会和体育设施。)”以及Medway Campus Tour部分中“Dating from 1903, the Medway Campus is located near Chatham Historic Dockyard in Kent. (Medway校区始建于1903年，位于肯特郡查塔姆历史造船厂附近)”以及Maritime Campus Tour部分中“The tour will include a visit to the beautifully restored Old Royal Naval College, where you can learn about its fascinating history and stunning architecture.(这次旅行将包括参观修复精美的旧皇家海军学院，在那里你可以了解它迷人的历史和令人惊叹的建筑)”可知，这四个校区的共同点是——它们有历史建筑。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Medway Campus Tour部分中“The campus features a mix of social and leisure facilities, including our Students’ Union Hub, a restaurant in Pembroke building.(校园的特色是社交和休闲设施，包括我们的学生会中心，彭布罗克大楼的餐厅)”可知，该校园的特色是社交和休闲设施，因此Medway Campus Tour适合喜欢参与积极社交的学生们。故选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Are you looking forward to having a tour? Click here and book one now. Welcome!( 你期待参观吗？现在点击这里预订一个。欢迎光临！)”以及通读全文可知，文章介绍了格林威治大学四个校区（Greenwich、Avery Hill、Medway和Maritime）的校园导览活动，通过点击可以了解更多信息或者进行预定。由此推知，文章可能出自于一个大学网站。故选D。
B
Sylvia Ezer didn’t expect her shopping trip to take a turn for the extraordinary. On any other day, she would have been content to hang around some high street stores. But earlier this year, Ezer entered her favorite shop and created a fashion fairytale, one that led to the 88-year-old Londoner starring in a high street brand’s autumn-winter campaign.
Recalling their encounter, Ezer said she was just wandering around White Stuff’s shop when someone came over and asked her to take pictures. “She really stood out to me,” says her photographer. “She looked so individual and lively.” Soon, her images were shared on Instagram as part of customer street-style series. The comments were very favorable and completely unexpected, because the brand invited Ezer to appear in its main autumn campaign.
Ezer’s interest in fashion kicked off at eight years old. Entering university, she studied drama and performance. After marriage, she wanted to perform, but it wasn’t that easy. So she worked as a model until their children’s birth. Once all her children were in school, she returned to drama, running Shakespeare workshops and other theatre projects in schools. Finding herself the poster girl for a brand aged 88 has been the happiest surprise of her later life.
“You don’t see many mature women in fashion,” she says, “Brands should have some older models who look the way they look, rather than trying to look much younger. I’ll be happy to see people from the older generation watching my posters, think she looks okay. Maybe I can wear that kind of thing, too.” Then, she added, “I suppose it gives you confidence, as an older person and makes you realize that whatever you would like to try, you should go ahead and do it.”
4. What brought Ezer to a high street brand campaign?
A. A visit to a photographer. B. Keeping brand relationships.
C. An unexpected encounter. D. Winning a model competition.
5. What can we learn about Ezer from paragraph 3?
A. She sacrificed her family life. B. She stuck to her pursuit to art.
C. She started workshops in youth. D. She became a successful dramatist.
6. What change in fashion does Ezer advocate?
A. Models from older generations. B. Greater diversity in fashion style.
C. Elderly people with much make-up. D. Mature models in their natural state.
7. Which of the following can best describe Ezer?
A. Confident and inspiring. B. Responsible and generous.
C. Creative and fashionable. D. Humorous and determined.
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. D 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述一位88岁的伦敦老人Sylvia Ezer在一次购物之旅中被一家高街品牌邀请参与广告拍摄活动，并成为品牌秋冬季广告的主角。Ezer早年追求时尚，大学学习表演，婚后表演事业不畅，成为模特直到孩子出生，孩子上学后重返戏剧领域，在学校运营莎士比亚工作室和其他戏剧项目。Ezer认为品牌应该有更多年长的模特来展示他们的产品，并鼓励年长人尝试未曾尝试过的事情。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Recalling their encounter, Ezer said she was just wandering around White Stuff’s shop when someone came over and asked her to take pictures. “She really stood out to me,” says her photographer. (回忆起他们的相遇，Ezer说她当时正在White Stuff的店里闲逛，有人过来让她拍照。“她真的很吸引我，”她的摄影师说。)”可知，一次偶然的邂逅带来了Ezer被高街品牌邀请参与广告拍摄活动的机会。故选C。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“Ezer’s interest in fashion kicked off at eight years old. Entering university, she studied drama and performance.(Ezer对时尚的兴趣始于8岁。进入大学后，她学习戏剧和表演。)”以及本段中“Once all her children were in school, she returned to drama, running Shakespeare workshops and other theatre projects in schools. (当她所有的孩子都上学后，她又回到戏剧行业，在学校开办莎士比亚工作坊和其他戏剧项目。)”及本段其他内容可知，Ezer进入大学后学习表演，婚后想要继续表演，但遇到了困难，之后成为模特，后来所有孩子都上学后，她重回戏剧领域，在学校运营莎士比亚工作室和其他戏剧项目。由此推断，她坚持对艺术的追求。故选B。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“she says, “Brands should have some older models who look the way they look, rather than trying to look much younger. I’ll be happy to see people from the older generation watching my posters, think she looks okay. Maybe I can wear that kind of thing, too.” (她说：“品牌应该让一些老模特保持自己的样子，而不是试图让自己看起来更年轻。我很高兴看到老一辈的人看到我的海报，认为她看起来不错。也许我也可以穿那种衣服。”)”可知，品牌应该让一些老模特保持自己的样子，而不是试图让自己看起来更年轻，即成熟的模特应该保持他们自然的状态。故选D。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Then, she added, “I suppose it gives you confidence, as an older person and makes you realize that whatever you would like to try, you should go ahead and do it.”(然后，她补充说，“我想，作为一个老年人，它会给你信心，让你意识到，无论你想尝试什么，你都应该去做。”)”以及通读全文可知，Ezer从她的经历中获得了信心，并鼓励年长人尝试未曾尝试过的事情，因此她是一位自信和鼓舞人心的人。故选A。
C
Plastic pollution is growing rapidly across Earth’s ecosystems and its threat to humanity and wildlife is too. Outcomes for health and the environment will be severe unless we address it, says a United Nations (UN) report. But the discovery of microplastics in human blood means immediate action is needed.
Researchers found tiny plastic particles (微粒), less than one-thousandth of a millimeter in size, in almost 80 percent of 22 people they tested. Such small plastics can travel through the body and could stick in our vital organs. These tiny pieces could damage cells and tissues, causing many diseases like cancer.
“I was shocked but not surprised. We already knew that microplastics have been found in human organs. The body finds it hard to break these particles down, which associate them with chronic (长期的) disease,” said Jo Royle, the CEO of Common Seas—a social enterprise looking to stop plastic pollution. “It’s clear that the best way to battle with microplastics and prevent health problems is to make sure they don’t end up being deserted in our environment in the first place,” added Royle. “This is why we need leaders and businesses to take responsibility for plastic trash along its lifecycle.”
Some oil and gas companies that supply plastic products plan to expand plastic output and double production in the next 20 years. But analysts say that would backfire on people, governments, and industries rejecting plastic to protect the environment. Big brands are reducing plastic packaging and changing to alternatives. Plastic is seen as a threat as large as climate change and a UN treaty against pollution is the result.
Natural products like plant materials and even silk offer plastic alternatives, especially in food and product packaging. But the UN believes we cannot simply recycle our way out of the problem. An immediate reduction and industry transformation are needed. As the blood microplastic study suggests, that transformation must be rapid. Because the rate at which we absorb plastic into our bodies is faster than the rate we remove it. And that needs a planet-wide response.
8. What is the best way to solve microplastics problems according to Royle?
A. Medical treatments for microplastics.
B. Restrictions on throwing plastic waste.
C. Developing natural alternatives to plastic.
D. Raising personal awareness of microplastic.
9. What do the underlined words “backfire on” in paragraph 4 mean?
A. Go against. B. Apply to. C. Depend on. D. Respond to.
10. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A. Recycling plastics proves to be not effective at all.
B. Rapid transformation in plastic industry is needed.
C. Most natural materials can be alternatives to plastics.
D. The rate of bodies’ absorbing plastics is uncontrollable.
11. Which can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Plastic Pollution Is Transforming Humans’ Lifestyle
B. Increasing Updated Plastics Have Enjoyed Popularity
C. Microplastics in Blood Highlight Health Emergency
D. Practical Solutions to Plastic Waste Are Approaching
【答案】8. B 9. A 10. B 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了塑料污染在地球的生态系统中迅速蔓延，并且威胁着人类和野生生物，而人体血液中也发现了微塑料，这意味着人类要立即采取行动。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“‘It’s clear that the best way to battle with microplastics and prevent health problems is to make sure they don’t end up being deserted in our environment in the first place,’ added Royle.(Royle补充道：‘很明显，对抗微塑料和预防健康问题的最佳方法是首先确保它们不会在我们的环境中被遗弃。’)”可知，Royle认为最好的方法是确保它们不会在我们的环境中被遗弃，即限制丢弃塑料废物。故选B。
【9题详解】
短语猜测题。But前后之间是转折关系，前面“Some oil and gas companies that supply plastic products plan to expand plastic output and double production in the next 20 years.(一些供应塑料产品的石油和天然气公司计划在未来20年内扩大塑料产量并使产量翻倍。)”讲述了一些供应塑料产品的石油和天然气公司计划扩大塑料产量，结合画线短语后的“people, governments, and industries rejecting plastic to protect the environment”可推知，这种行为会与那些抵制塑料、保护环境的人、政府和工厂相悖。backfire on意为“产生事与愿违的不良（或危险）后果”，与go against的意思最接近。故选A。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“An immediate reduction and industry transformation are needed. As the blood microplastic study suggests, that transformation must be rapid. (需要立即进行减排和行业转型。正如血液微塑料研究所表明的那样，这种转型必须是迅速的。)”可推测出，快速进行塑料行业转型是有必要的。故选B。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，尤其是第一段最后一句“But the discovery of microplastics in human blood means immediate action is needed.(但在人体血液中发现微塑料意味着需要立即采取行动。)”可知，本文主要讲述了人体中发现了微塑料，这意味着需要立即采取行动解决塑料污染问题，由此可推测出，C项“血液中的微塑料突出健康紧急情况”符合本文主旨。故选C。
D
Most people who’ve stayed up all night know the “tired and nervous” feeling the next day. The body might be exhausted, but the brain feels active or even crazy. Even after these changes fade away, sleep loss can have a strong anti-depression effect on people for several days.
To figure it out, a team of biologists from Northwestern University looked at the effects of sleep loss in mice. In the beginning, they created a depressed state in all the mice by repeatedly giving them small shocks. In response to these shocks, the mice entered a depressive-like state and eventually stopped trying to escape their cages. Subsequently, some were allowed to sleep while others were forced to stay up. Later, they tested the mice’s response to shocks again. They found that after this sleepless night, the mice that had stayed up were less depressed and showed more attempts to escape the shocks.
What causes these changes in mice? To see how the mice’s brains responded to their sleepless night, the researchers measured dopamine neuron (神经元) activity. They saw that mice lacking in sleep showed higher dopamine activity in three regions: the prefrontal cortex (前额叶皮质), nucleus accumbens (伏隔核) and hypothalamus (下丘脑).
To figure out which areas were related to the mice’s anti-depression effect, they silenced dopamine reactions in each of these areas of the brain. The anti-depression effect disappeared in mice when the team silenced the dopamine input in the prefrontal cortex, while it continued to exist when they do the same to the other two regions. That’s why Yevgenia Kozorovitskiy, the leading researcher, says that this region may be important in relieving depression.
Based on the belief that transitions between a depressed state and a non-depressed state are influenced by the brain’s ability to reorganize connections, Kozorovitskiy and her team looked at individual neurons in the prefrontal cortex for signs of growth. They saw evidence of the new connections, suggesting that dopamine had reconnected neurons in the mice brains to maintain their mood for several days. Kozorovitskiy says this work may help future studies on depression treatment, but whether it’ll cure depression remains to be seen.
12. What is the purpose of the first paragraph?
A. To present a fact. B. To introduce a study.
C. To make a prediction. D. To analyze a phenomenon.
13. What did researchers find in their study?
A. The mice staying up were constantly depressed.
B. The mice with sleep loss gave up escaping cages.
C. The mice with enough sleep didn’t react to shocks.
D. The mice sleeping less were in anti-depression state.
14. What is paragraph 4 mainly about?
A. Uncovering causes of mice’s changes. B. Testing new treatment for depression.
C. Finding mice’s reaction to environment. D. Assessing the amount of dopamine input.
15. What is Kozorovitskiy’s attitude towards the finding of the study?
A. Optimistic. B. Objective. C. Doubtful. D. Negative.
【答案】12. A 13. D 14. A 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了睡眠不足有强烈的抗抑郁影响，而研究表明这种抗抑郁影响与大脑前额叶皮质的多巴胺活动有关，这一研究或许有助于未来的抑郁治疗研究，但仍然有待观察。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Most people who’ve stayed up all night know the ‘tired and nervous’ feeling the next day. The body might be exhausted, but the brain feels active or even crazy. Even after these changes fade away, sleep loss can have a strong anti-depression effect on people for several days.(大多数彻夜未眠的人都知道第二天的‘疲惫和紧张’感觉。身体可能已经筋疲力尽，但大脑会感到活跃甚至疯狂。即使在这些变化消失后，睡眠不足也会在几天内对人们产生强烈的抗抑郁作用。)”可知，第一段主要介绍了睡眠不足时会产生的一些情况，主要是为了展现一个事实。故选A。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“They found that after this sleepless night, the mice that had stayed up were less depressed and showed more attempts to escape the shocks.(他们发现，经过这个不眠之夜，熬夜的老鼠没有那么沮丧了，表现出更多的逃避电击的尝试。)”可知，睡眠不足的老鼠进入了抗抑郁的状态。故选D。
【14题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段“To figure out which areas were related to the mice’s anti-depression effect, they silenced dopamine reactions in each of these areas of the brain. The anti-depression effect disappeared in mice when the team silenced the dopamine input in the prefrontal cortex, while it continued to exist when they do the same to the other two regions. That’s why Yevgenia Kozorovitskiy, the leading researcher, says that this region may be important in relieving depression.(为了找出哪些区域与小鼠的抗抑郁影响有关，他们压制了大脑中这些区域中每个区域的多巴胺反应。当研究小组对前额叶皮层的多巴胺输入进行压制时，小鼠的抗抑郁作用消失了，而当他们对其他两个区域进行同样的处理时，这种作用继续存在。这就是为什么首席研究员Yevgenia Kozorovitskiy说，这个区域可能对缓解抑郁症很重要。)”可知，本段主要揭示了老鼠出现抗抑郁变化的原因。故选A。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Kozorovitskiy says this work may help future studies on depression treatment, but whether it’ll cure depression remains to be seen.(Kozorovitskiy说，这项工作可能有助于未来抑郁症治疗的研究，但它是否能治愈抑郁症还有待观察。)”可知，Kozorovitskiy认为这项研究很有前景，但仍然有待观察，由此可推测出，他对这项研究的发现持客观态度。故选B。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Have you considered how to choose your major in university, which is of great significance for your future career? Here is some practical advice.
Initially, don’t choose a major merely based on money, otherwise mistakes will happen. ____16____ Can you see yourself investing the next 40 years in this career without getting bored? Actually choosing a major with high-paying career won’t guarantee you a high-paying job. It depends on position openings and your competitors when you graduate.
____17____ You want to pick something that interests you, but you need to be sure you won’t get sick of it as time progresses. ____18____ A hobby is a pursuit outside one’s regular occupation for relaxation while passion comforts you and drives you crazy at the same time. It isn’t relaxing. It inserts itself into your life. When you choose to study your hobby and build your life around it, it can lose its appeal and won’t be relaxing.
Thirdly, never choose a major by feeling instead of research. Being interested in a major isn’t enough. Researching the field will ensure you to choose a right major. If you know someone in the field, ask them for some information. Besides, consider the entire journey you’ll pursue—the coursework, the major demands, the school time you’ll need, and the available job prospects. ____19____
Lastly, don’t always depend on your parents. ____20____ However, the choice is ultimately yours. If anyone wants to help you in choosing a major and you completely agree with their opinions, then go with it. But if you want your future to go in any other direction, speak up. The only way to get the best outcome is to shape your own future.
A. Next, a hobby is never meant to be your priority.
B. The opinions of your family aren’t something to ignore.
C. Besides, keep a balance between hobbies and relaxation.
D. Typically, people will confuse their hobbies with their passions.
E. You should also consider your passions, dislikes, and happiness.
F. Remember college is an investment of both your time and money.
G. If you’re passionate about a major after research, follow your heart.
【答案】16. E 17. A 18. D 19. G 20. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要针对如何选择对未来职业有用的大学专业提出了一些实用的建议。
【16题详解】
前文“Initially, don’t choose a major merely based on money, otherwise mistakes will happen.(一开始，不要仅仅基于金钱来选择专业，否则会出错。)”讲述了不要仅仅根据金钱来选择专业，空处应讲述应该考虑的其他因素，E项“你还应该考虑你的激情、厌恶和幸福。”符合题意。故选E。
【17题详解】
空处是本段的主旨句。根据后文的“You want to pick something that interests you, but you need to be sure you won’t get sick of it as time progresses.(你想挑选一些你感兴趣的东西，但你需要确保随着时间的推移，你不会厌倦它。)”和“When you choose to study your hobby and build your life around it, it can lose its appeal and won’t be relaxing.(当你选择研究你的爱好并围绕它建立你的生活时，它可能会失去吸引力，也不会令人放松。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是选择专业的时候不要首先考虑自己的爱好，A项“其次，爱好从来都不是你的首要任务。”符合题意。故选A。
【18题详解】
后文“A hobby is a pursuit outside one’s regular occupation for relaxation while passion comforts you and drives you crazy at the same time.(爱好是一种在日常工作之外的放松追求，而激情既能安慰你，又能让你发疯。)”讲述了爱好和激情之间的区别，所以空处应讲述的是二者容易被混为一谈，D项“通常，人们会将自己的爱好与激情混为一谈。”符合题意。故选D。
【19题详解】
根据本段主旨句“Thirdly, never choose a major by feeling instead of research.(第三，千万不要凭感觉而非研究来选择专业。)”可知，本段主要建议在选专业之前要进行研究，G项“如果你在研究之后对某个专业充满热情，那就用心去做吧。”符合题意。故选G。
【20题详解】
前文“Lastly, don’t always depend on your parents.(最后，不要总是依赖你父母。)”讲述了不要总是依赖父母的意见，后文“However, the choice is ultimately yours.(然而，最终选择权在你。)”讲述了最终做决定的是你自己，由此可知，空处应是说家人的意见不容忽视，B项“你的家人的意见不容忽视。”符合题意。故选B。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I was sitting in the living room with my pet, Toby, when there was a loud knock on the door. “The whole area’s flooding. You need to leave at once!” a rescuer ____21____.
My mind went to my son, Sunil. Following my cancer diagnosis, he’d moved in with me as I couldn’t walk without ____22____. Tragically, in late 2021, Sunil himself was diagnosed with bone cancer. He was now in ____23____ in another town, with only weeks to live. I ____24____ I may never see him again.
After four days, the water had subsided (消退) enough for me to ____25____ my home. It was beyond ____26____. Three days later, the ____27____ out had re-opened, and I could visit Sunil. I stayed by Sunil’s side ____28____ he sadly breathed his last. I’d lost my home and only child within two weeks, leaving my world in darkness.
A month later, I was sitting alone as pets weren’t allowed in the ____29____ accommodation. A young gentleman, Myles, approached me and explained, “I’m a tradesman and was about to return home. But when the floods _____30_____ the area, I thought I’d stay and help someone.” He promised to clean and decorate my house for free if I _____31_____ the cost of materials. Meanwhile, I was moved to Rainforest Resort, where the owner kindly allowed me to have Toby. Slowly, _____32_____ was coming back into my life.
Each week, Myles would send me photos of his _____33_____. In July this year, after sixteen months, I _____34_____ came home. I see Myles regularly when he comes to do the finishing work, and we’ve developed a great friendship. He’s shown me that _____35_____ people can be found even in the darkest times.
21. A. urged B. admitted C. realized D. added
22. A. courage B. assistance C. rescue D. determination
23. A. hospital B. prison C. school D. work
24. A. approved B. feared C. hoped D. demanded
25. A. exchange B. miss C. remove D. inspect
26. A. belief B. repair C. comparison D. price
27. A. stations B. airports C. roads D. stores
28. A. if B. before C. until D. because
29. A. fixed B. temporary C. permanent D. furnished
30. A. chose B. escaped C. greeted D. hit
31. A. purchased B. covered C. saved D. returned
32. A. gratitude B. opportunity C. energy D. light
33. A. progress B. function C. record D. situation
34. A. immediately B. previously C. eventually D. typically
35. A. active B. enthusiastic C. kind D. confident
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. A 24. B 25. D 26. B 27. C 28. C 29. B 30. D 31. B 32. D 33. A 34. C 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在失去儿子的同时，又因洪灾失去了家园，陷入了生活的黑暗时刻。迈尔斯主动提出帮助作者修复房子，使作者的生活重回光明。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“整个地区都被洪水淹没了。 你必须马上离开! ” 一名救援人员催促道。A. urged催促；B. admitted承认；C. realized认识到；D. added增加。根据上文“You need to leave at once(你需要马上离开)”可知，救援人员催促作者离开，故选A项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我被诊断为癌症后，他搬来和我一起住，因为我在没有帮助的情况下无法行走。A. courage勇气；B. assistance帮助；C. rescue救援；D. determination决定。根据上文“he’d moved in with me as I couldn’t walk(他搬来和我一起住，因为我在……情况下无法行走)”可推理出，作者的儿子搬来和作者一起住是因为作者走路需要帮助，故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他现在在另一个城镇的医院里，只剩下几周的生命了。A. hospital医院；B. prison监狱；C. school学校；D. work工作。根据上文“Sunil himself was diagnosed with bone cancer(苏尼尔本人被诊断出患有骨癌癌症)”可推理出，作者的儿子苏尼尔本人因病在住院，故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我担心我可能再也见不到他了。A. approved同意；B. feared担心；C. hoped希望；D. demanded要求。根据下文“I may never see him again(我可能再也见不到他了)”可知，这是作者担心的事情，故选B项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：四天后，水已经退去了，我可以检查一下家了。A. exchange交换；B. miss思念；C. remove开除；D. inspect检查。根据上文“After four days, the water had subsided(四天后，水已经退去了)”可知，洪水退去，作者可以回家查看家里的情况，故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它已经无法修复了。A. belief信任；B. repair修理；C. comparison比较；D. price价格。根据下文“I’d lost my home and only child within two weeks(我在两周内失去了我的家和唯一的孩子)”可知，作者的家已经失去，可推理出作者的家已经无法修复，故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：三天后，外面的路重新开通了，我可以去看苏尼尔了。A. stations车站；B. airports机场；C. roads道路；D. stores商店。根据下文“I could visit Sunil(我可以去看苏尼尔了)”可推理出，洪水过后，外面的路通了，所以作者可以去看儿子了，故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：我守在苏尼尔身边，直到他悲伤地离开了人世。A. if如果；B. before在……之前；C. until直到……才；D. because因为。根据下文“I’d lost my home and only child within two weeks(我在两周内失去了我的家和唯一的孩子)”可知，作者一直陪伴儿子，直到他去世，可推理出空白处应填表示“直到……才”含义的连词，故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个月后，我一个人坐着，因为临时住处不允许养宠物。A. fixed固定的；B. temporary临时的；C. permanent永久的；D. furnished有家具的。根据下文“I was moved to Rainforest Resort(我被转移到雨林度假村)”可知，此时作者住在临时的住所，故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但当洪水袭击该地区时，我想我会留下来帮助别人。A. chose选择；B. escaped逃跑；C. greeted打招呼；D. hit袭击。根据上文“The whole area’s flooding. You need to leave at once!( 整个地区都被洪水淹没了。你需要马上离开)”可知整个地区遭遇了洪灾，可推理出，空白处应填表示“袭击”含义的动词，故选D项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他承诺，如果我支付材料费用，他会免费打扫和装修我的房子。A. purchased购买；B. covered支付；C. saved拯救；D. returned返回。根据下文“the cost of materials(材料费用)”可推理出，空白处应填表示“支付”含义的动词，故选B项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：慢慢地，光明又回到了我的生活中。A. gratitude感激；B. opportunity机会；C. energy精力；D. light光明。根据上文“I’d lost my home and only child within two weeks, leaving my world in darkness.(我在两周内失去了我的家和唯一的孩子，让我的世界陷入黑暗)”以及“He promised to clean and decorate my house for free if I covered the cost of materials(他承诺，如果我支付材料费用，他会免费打扫和装修我的房子)”可知，作者先经历了失去家园和儿子的黑暗时代，好心人的帮助让作者的生活又重见光明，故选D项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：迈尔斯每周都会给我发他的工作进展的照片。A. progress进展；B. function功能；C. record记录；D. situation处境。根据上文“He promised to clean and decorate my house for free if I covered the cost of materials(他承诺，如果我支付材料费用，他会免费打扫和装修我的房子)”可知，迈尔斯在帮助作者修理房子，可推理出空白处应填表示“进展”含义的名词，故选A项。
【34题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：今年7月，时隔16个月，我终于回家了。A. immediately立即；B. previously事先；C. eventually最后；D. typically典型地。根据上文“after sixteen months(时隔16个月)”可推理出，作者在经过了16个月以后，最终得以回家，故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他向我展示了即使在最黑暗的时候也能找到善良的人。A. active积极的；B. enthusiastic热心的；C. kind善良的；D. confident自信的。根据上文“I’m a tradesman and was about to return home. But when the floods hit the area, I thought I’d stay and help someone.” He promised to clean and decorate my house for free if I covered the cost of materials.(“我是一名商人，正要回家。但当洪水袭击该地区时，我想我会留下来帮助别人”。他承诺，如果我支付材料费用，他会免费打扫和装修我的房子。)”可知，迈尔斯在作者遭遇了失去了儿子又失去了家园的情况下，主动帮助作者，可推理出作者认为迈尔斯很善良，故选C项。
第二节(共10小题：每小题1. 5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Among China’s various forms of silk products, yunjin, ____36____ unique variety, has been attractive for thousands of years. The origin of yunjin can be traced to the late Eastern Jin Dynasty (317-420), when general Liu Yu defeated the Later Qin kingdom and ____37____ (bring) the kingdom’s craftsmen from Chang’an to the then capital Nanjing.
The influence of the craft on Nanjing is____38____ (evidence). In China’s literary classic Dream of the Red Chamber,____39____ (write) by Nanjing-born novelist Cao Xueqin, yunjin garments are frequently mentioned. Besides, many places in the city are named ____40____ silk manufacturing processes, such as Rongzhuang Street and Jinxiu Workshop.
After the ____41____ (establish) of the People’s Republic of China in 1949, the country continued to place special emphasis on ____42____ (preserve) and passing down the weaving technique, founding the Nanjing Yunjin Research Institute in 1957.
Earlier this century, the institute set up the Nanjing Yunjin Museum, ____43____ is the only professional museum in China ____44____ (intend) for the display of the brocade (织锦), including its history, weaving technique, culture, and contemporary artworks.
And now, with the support of technology and research conducted by the institute, yunjin craftsmanship and teaching are ____45____ (increase) efficient and effective. In 2009, the craftsmanship of Nanjing yunjin was included on UNESCO’s Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.
【答案】36. a 37. brought 38. evident 39. written 40. after 41. establishment 42. preserving 43. which 44. intended 45. increasingly
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了中国传统丝绸工艺品中的一种独特品种——云锦的起源、发展历史以及在现代得到保护和传承的情况。同时提到了南京云锦研究所和博物馆的建立以及云锦工艺在联合国教科文组织非物质文化遗产代表作名录上的收录。
【36题详解】
考查冠词。句意：在中国各种形式的丝绸产品中，云锦是一种独特的品种，几千年来一直吸引着人们。分析句子，句中variety为可数名词，此处表示泛指，故使用不定冠词。同时其前面的修饰词unique首字母为辅音音素，用不定冠词a。故填a。
【37题详解】
考查时态。句意：云锦的起源可以追溯到东晋末年(317-420)，当时刘裕将军击败了后秦王国，并将王国的工匠从长安带到当时的首都南京。分析句子，设空处使用动词bring作谓语，根据前文的并列谓语defeated以及句意可知，句子表述过去事实，故使用一般过去时。故填brought。
【38题详解】
考查形容词。句意：工艺对南京的影响是显而易见的。分析句子，设空处使用evidence的形容词evident作表语，意为“显而易见的”。故填evident。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在南京出生的小说家曹雪芹所著的中国文学名著《红楼梦》中，云锦服装被频繁提及。分析句子，句中are mentioned为谓语，设空处使用非谓语动词，此处Dream of the Red Chamber与write之间是逻辑被动关系，故使用过去分词作后置定语。故填written。
【40题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：此外，这座城市许多地方都以丝绸制造工艺命名，如荣庄街和锦绣作坊。句中be named after为固定短语，意为“以……命名”。故填after。
【41题详解】
考查名词。句意：1949年中华人民共和国成立后，国家继续特别重视保存和传承编织技术，并于1957年成立了南京云锦研究所。分析句子，设空处使用establish的名词establishment作宾语，意为“建立”。故填establishment。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。分析句子，设空处使用preserve的动名词形式作宾语。故填preserving。
【43题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：本世纪初，该研究所成立了南京云锦博物馆，这是中国唯一一家专门展示织锦的专业博物馆，包括其历史，编织技术，文化和当代艺术品。分析句子，设空处引导的是非限制性定语从句，关系词在从句中作主语，修饰先行词the Nanjing Yunjin Museum，先行词为物，故使用关系代词which。故填which。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。分析句子，非限制性定语从句中is为系动词，设空处使用非谓语动词。句中museum与intend之间是被动关系，故使用过去分词作后置定语。故填intended。
【45题详解】
考查副词。句意：现在，在学院的技术和研究的支持下，云锦工艺和教学越来越高效和有效。分析句子，设空处使用increase的副词increasingly作状语，修饰形容词短语efficient and effective，意为“越来越”。故填increasingly。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，你的外国朋友Johnson想参加他们学校举行的中国传统民间工艺品展，请你写信向他推荐一种工艺品(如剪纸、中国结、风筝等)，内容包括：
1. 你的推荐；
2. 推荐理由。
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Johnson,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best regards,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Johnson,
Hearing that you want to take part in the exhibition of traditional Chinese folk crafts to be held by your school, I’m writing to recommend one traditional Chinese folk art——paper-cutting—to you.
Paper-cutting is a kind of handicraft with a long history. It is said that paper-cutting originated in the Eastern Han Dynasty and has been popular for more than two thousand years. People use scissors to cut paper into various shapes and use them to decorate windows, doors, walls and other places. It is a kind of art that conveys the Chinese people’s pursuit of beauty.
Hope my recommendation will be useful to you!
Best regards,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文写作，要求考生Johnson写一封推荐信，给他推荐一种工艺品，并说明理由。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
参加：take part in→participate in
起源于：originate in→date back to
各种各样的：various→varied/all kinds of
表达：convey→express
2. 句式拓展
简单句改为复合句
原句：Paper-cutting is a kind of handicraft with a long history.
拓展句：Paper-cutting is a kind of handicraft which has a long history.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Hearing that you want to take part in the exhibition of traditional Chinese folk crafts to be held by your school, I’m writing to recommend one traditional Chinese folk art——paper-cutting—to you.(使用了现在分词作状语，that引导宾语从句，不定式作宾语、后置定语和目的状语)
【高分句型2】It is a kind of art that conveys the Chinese people’s pursuit of beauty. (使用了that引导定语从句)
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When I was in college, I experienced a very challenging time. Not only was I dealing with the difficulties of academic life, but I was also struggling with financial hardship. I was so poor that I often found myself without food. There were days when I would wake up with just a few coins in my pocket, and those coins were usually just enough to buy four loaves of bread. After that, I would have no idea where my next meal would come from.
I was desperate to find a way to make money and decided to try my luck applying for a part-time job. I spent hours reading the newspaper, searching for job advertisements, but in vain.
Despite all these difficulties, I didn’t want to give up hope. I knew that if I kept pushing and refused to quit, I would eventually find a solution to my problems. So I stuck to looking for more opportunities to earn a living. But no matter how hard I tried, I couldn’t land a single interview. The more I tried to get a job, the more depressed and hopeless I felt.
One day, while making phone calls to apply for yet another job, I noticed someone else waiting behind me for the pay phone. He seemed kind of impatient, pacing back and forth with his hands behind his back. Ignoring him, I continued to try calling several times but I couldn’t get through somehow.
After a while, he cleared his throat and said coldly, “Other people have to use the phone, too, you know.” It was a simple statement, but it was enough to push me over the edge. I turned to this stranger and shouted, “See this bag on the floor? That has all my food in it! I don’t have a phone at home to call from! I’m sorry if your cell phone is broken, but whatever call you have to make is less important than my trying to come up with tomorrow’s meal!”
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I turned back and tried to hold back my tears.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Putting a five-dollar bill in my hand, he left.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 I turned back and tried to hold back my tears. But I was so sad that I broke down, failing to make it. I began sobbing uncontrollably. Then the soft sobs became replaced by loud cries. I felt hopeless about my future. “Why did everyone have a job expect me?” I can’t help thinking. Looking at me crying, the man was shocked. He was no longer impatient. He walked in and said, “I’m so sorry for my words. Everything will be OK. Don’t give up, and you’ll get a job soon.”
Putting a five-dollar bill in my hand, he left. This time, it’s my turn to be shocked. I had never thought somebody would express sympathy for me and encourage me to keep trying. Maybe things were not as bad as I imagined; maybe everything would be fine again if I just tried a little more. My sorrow disappeared. And I feel positive for my future again. After all, I still have five dollars!
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索。作者在上大学的时候，经历了一段非常具有挑战性的时期。作者没钱买饭，所以想要找一份兼职。但无论作者如何努力，他仍然找不到工作。一天在电话亭打电话的时候，作者尝试了好几次都打不通电话，电话亭外的一个男人非常不耐烦地催促作者。作者情绪失控了，而那位男子看到这一幕，为自己的话感到抱歉，于是他安慰了作者，并给了作者5美元。作者看到还有人会关心自己，于是对未来又重新充满信心。
【详解】1. 续写线索：
由续写第一段首句“我转过身来，强忍着泪水。”和第二段首句“他把一张五美元的钞票放在我手里，就走了。”可知，第一段可以描写作者情绪崩溃，感慨自己的不幸，而这位男子安慰并鼓励了作者。
由续写第二段首句“他把一张五美元的钞票放在我手里，就走了。”可知，第二段可以描写作者发现竟然还有陌生人关心自己，又重新对未来充满信心。
2. 段落续写：强忍泪水——失控痛哭——男子转变态度——男子鼓励作者——男子给作者钱——作者惊讶于有人会关心自己——作者心态转变——作者重新对未来充满信心
3. 词汇激活：
行为类
①崩溃：break down/collapse/fall apart
②代替：replace/take the place of/ substitute for
③对……表示同情：express sympathy for/give sb. sympathy/sympathize with
情绪类
①悲伤的：sad/ mournful/ sorrowful
②震惊的：shocked/surprised/ stunned
③乐观的：positive/optimistic
【点睛】【高分句型1】But I was so sad that I broke down, failing to make it.(使用了so…that…引导结果状语从句、现在分词作状语、不定式作宾语)
【高分句型2】I had never thought somebody would express sympathy for me and encourage me to keep trying. (使用了省略that的宾语从句、不定式作宾补和动名词作宾语)
