2022北京高考真题
英 语
本试卷共11 页，共100 分。考试时长90 分钟。
考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 知识运用（共两节，30 分）
第一节（共10 小题；每小题1.5 分，共15 分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出 最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
One Monday morning, while the children were enjoying “free play”, I stepped to the doorway of the classroom to take a break. Suddenly, I___1___a movement of the heavy wooden door. This was the very door I___2___guided the children through to ensure their safety from the bitter cold. I felt a chill (寒意) go through my body.
My legs carried me to that door, and I pushed it open. It was one of my kindergarteners who I thought was___3___that day. He had been dropped off at school late and was___ 4___ to open the door.
He must have been waiting there for quite a while! Without a word, I rushed him to the hospital. He was treated for frostbite on his hands. He’d need time to___5___, and wouldn’t come for class the next day, I thought.
The next morning, one of the first to___6 ___was my little frostbitten boy. Not only did he run in with energy, but his___ 7___could be heard as loud as ever! I gave him a warm hug and told him how___ 8___I was to see him. His words have stayed with me all these years, “I knew you would open the door.”
That cold Monday morning, he waited a long, long while for adults to___9___. To a child, every minute feels like forever. He didn’t attempt to walk back home; he waited and trusted. This five-year-old taught me a powerful lesson in___10___.
1．A．caused B．spotted C．checked D．imagined
2．A．hesitantly B．randomly C．dizzily D．carefully
3．A．angry B．absent C．special D．noisy
4．A．courageous B．content C．unable D．unwilling
5．A．recover B．play C．change D．wait
6．A．settle B．gather C．arrive D．react
7．A．sneeze B．weep C．complaint D．laughter
8．A．lucky B．happy C．curious D．nervous
9．A．show up B．pull up C．hold up D．line up
10．A．gratitude B．forgiveness C．faith D．kindness
D
Quantum (量子) computers have been on my mind a lot lately. A friend has been sending me articles on how quantum computers might help solve some of the biggest challenges we face as humans. I’ve also had exchanges with two quantum-computing experts. One is computer scientist Chris Johnson who I see as someone who helps keep the field honest. The other is physicist Philip Taylor.
For decades, quantum computing has been little more than a laboratory curiosity. Now, big tech companies have invested in quantum computing, as have many smaller ones. According to Business Weekly, quantum machines could help us “cure cancer, and even take steps to turn climate change in the opposite direction.” This is the sort of hype (炒作) that annoys Johnson. He worries that researchers are making promises they can’t keep. “What’s new,” Johnson wrote, “is that millions of dollars are now potentially available to quantum computing researchers.”
As quantum computing attracts more attention and funding, researchers may mislead investors, journalists, the public and, worst of all, themselves about their work’s potential. If researchers can’t keep their promises, excitement might give way to doubt, disappointment and anger, Johnson warns. Lots of other technologies have gone through stages of excitement. But something about quantum computing makes it especially prone to hype, Johnson suggests, perhaps because “‘quantum’ stands for something cool you shouldn’t be able to understand.” And that brings me back to Taylor, who suggested that I read his book Q for Quantum.
After I read the book, Taylor patiently answered my questions about it. He also answered my questions about PyQuantum, the firm he co-founded in 2016. Taylor shares Johnson’s concerns about hype, but he says those concerns do not apply to PyQuantum.
The company, he says, is closer than any other firm “by a very large margin (幅度)” to building a “useful” quantum computer, one that “solves an impactful problem that we would not have been able to solve otherwise.” He adds, “People will naturally discount my opinions, but I have spent a lot of time quantitatively comparing what we are doing with others.”
Could PyQuantum really be leading all the competition “by a wide margin”, as Taylor claims? I don’t know. I’m certainly not going to advise my friend or anyone else to invest in quantum computers. But I trust Taylor, just as I trust Johnson.
31．Regarding Johnson’s concerns, the author feels ______.
A．sympathetic B．unconcerned C．doubtful D．excited
32．What leads to Taylor’s optimism about quantum computing?
A．His dominance in physics.
B．The competition in the field.
C．His confidence in PyQuantum.
D．The investment of tech companies.
33．What does the underlined word “prone” in Paragraph 3 most probably mean?
A．Open. B．Cool.
C．Useful. D．Resistant.
34．Which would be the best title for the passage?
A．Is Johnson More Competent Than Taylor?
B．Is Quantum Computing Redefining Technology?
C．Will Quantum Computers Ever Come into Being?
D．Will Quantum Computing Ever Live Up to Its Hype?
第二节（共5 小题；每小题2 分，共10 分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在 答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Health and fitness help a person live a good and healthy life. Often due to various pressures, we tend to ignore our health.___35___It is the fitness level of our body that helps us fight these diseases.
___36___We need to be fit to have a healthy body. Similarly, if we are healthy we shall naturally be attracted towards maintaining the fitness of our body. Health is the state of our body at a given time. We may not have any disease but still have a weak body, which is ready to be targeted by viruses.___37___This does not definitely mean that we are not healthy. It means the fitness level is not in accordance with our age and the climatic conditions we live in.
It is important for everyone to devote some time to health and fitness.___38___For instance, we must exercise daily regardless of our age and working style. There are different levels of exercises for different age groups and we must do them according to our own health and age.
Additionally, it is important to relax our body. We should have at least six to eight hours of sleep every day. It helps in improving our immune (免疫) system and protects us against diseases.___39___This, in turn, gives us new goals of health and fitness.
A．Fitness levels decide the quality of life.
B．Health and fitness are interrelated to each other.
C．It also helps in keeping us calm and relaxes our mind.
D． For instance, we may have a tendency to catch a cold easily.
E． If we keep our body fit, we can enjoy life in a better manner.
F． There are some activities which everyone should do in our life.
G．This makes our body suffer and we catch lifestyle and other diseases.
第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32 分）
第一节（共4 小题；第40、41 题各2 分，第42 题3 分，第43 题5 分，共12 分）
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
Tom, a 15-year-old inventor and entrepreneur (创业者), witnessed at his own school the widespread consumption of sugary drinks by kids. He knew there had to be a better portable drink solution and decided to innovate from something he saw in his own home: fruit infused (浸泡) water.
Tom watched his mum make healthy fruit infusions but then struggle for a take-along option. From observing his mum and from his desire to give kids better drink options, he came up with his original model for the Fun Bottle. “I wanted to come up with a healthy, natural way for people to drink when on the go. A big part of my mission is to get people of all ages off sugary drinks,” Tom explains.
The bottle is made with a strainer (滤网) that allows the great tastes and natural sugars of the various fruits and vegetables you choose to come through the water, without any of the seeds or skins flowing through.
Tom is proud of his design and excited to be selling the Fun Bottle on his website and in stores, but this 15-year-old is most proud of the opportunities that Fun Bottle presents to others. It helps to provide healthy alternatives to sugary drinks; and also Tom donates part of the profits to the Organisation for a Healthier Generation (OHG).
Tom has been awarded several prizes, but this teenage innovator remains humble. When asked what advice he’d give other entrepreneurial youth, he says, “Prepare and have your family’s support. It is important to know from the beginning that there are a lot of highs and lows, and there is no such thing as overnight success.”
40．What did Tom witness at his own school?
41．Where did Tom get the idea for the original model for the Fun Bottle?
42．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
Tom is most proud of the opportunities that Fun Bottle presents to others because he not only provides healthy alternatives to sugary drinks but also donates all the profits to the OHG.
43．Among Tom’s qualities, which one(s) do you think will be important for us? Why? (In about 40 words)
第二节（20 分）
假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你打算邀请英国好友 Jim 为你们班做一次关于英语写作的线上经验交流。请你用英文给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括：
1．建议交流的具体内容及其原因；
2．交流时间和其他相关事项。
注意：
1．词数 100 左右；
2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
（请务必将作文写在答题卡指定区域内）
参考答案
第一部分 知识运用（共两节，30 分）
第一节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分）
1．B 2．D 3．B 4．C 5．A 6．C 7．D 8．B 9．A 10．C
第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分）
11．in
12．to harm
13．caught 1
4．supported
15．whether
16．has
17．themselves
18．which
19．worse
20．has increased
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，38 分）
第一节（共 14 小题；每小题 2 分，共 28 分）
21．D 22．B 23．D 24．C 25．A 26．B 27．C 28．C 29．A 30．B 31．A 32．C 33．A 34．D
第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，共 10 分）
35．G 36．B 37．D 38．F 39．C
第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32 分）
第一节（共 4 小题；第 40、41 题各 2 分，第 42 题 3 分，第 43 题 5 分，共 12 分）
40．Tom witnessed the widespread consumption of sugary drinks by kids at his own
school.
41．Tom got the idea from observing his mum make healthy fruit infusions but then
struggle for a take-along option.
42．Tom is most proud of the opportunities that Fun Bottle presents to others because he not only provides healthy alternatives to sugary drinks but also donates all the profits to the OHG.
Tom donates part of the profits to the OHG.
43．略。
第二节（20 分）
范文：
Dear Jim,
How’s everything?
I’m writing to invite you to give us an online talk on English writing. Our classmates seem to be weak in organisation. Would you please give us some suggestions on how to connect sentences logically, how to develop a paragraph, and how to structure an essay?
The talk will be about an hour, and you can decide on a date at your convenience. Please let me know which platform you’ll be using. It would be great if we could have a 10-minute question and answer session at the end of your talk.
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
