高中英语阅读技巧⑥ 作出简单判断和推理——文章出处题
作出简单判断和推理——
文章出处题
一、文章出处题常见的设问方式
1. Where does this text probably come from?
2. Where is the passage most probably taken from?
3. The passage most likely comes from _____.
4. Which section of a newspaper is the text most probably taken from?
5. In which part of a website can we read the text?
6. From which is the text probably taken?
二、文章出处题的解题技巧
文章出处题要求考生根据文章内容推断文章选自何处。常用的解题技巧有：
1. 根据文章的主要内容进行判断，如：介绍某产品性能的文章可能来自广告，介绍某人生平事迹的文章可能来自传记，而介绍一种新型交通工具的文章可能来自报纸上有关科技的版面。
2. 根据文章的关键信息或形式进行判断，如：含有experiment, research等词的文章可能来自科学报告或研究论文；小标题中含有admission, bus routes等词的文章可能来自旅行指南。
三、真题分析
以下内容均选编自高考真题，我们将结合上面提到的解题技巧对各题进行分析解答。
[A]
Many of us love July because it's the month when nature's berries and stone fruits are in abundance. These colourful and sweet jewels from British Columbia's fields are little powerhouses of nutritional protection.
Of the common berries, strawberries are highest in vitamin C, although, because of their seeds, raspberries contain a little more protein (蛋白质), iron and zinc (not that fruits have much protein). Blueberries are particularly high in antioxidants (抗氧化物质). The yellow and orange stone fruits such as peaches are high in the carotenoids we turn into vitamin A and which are antioxidants. As for cherries (樱桃), they are so delicious who cares? However, they are rich in vitamin C.
When combined with berries or slices of other fruits, frozen bananas make an excellent base for thick, cooling fruit shakes and low fat “ice cream”. For this purpose, select ripe bananas for freezing as they are much sweeter. Remove the skin and place them in plastic bags or containers and freeze. If you like, a squeeze of fresh lemon juice on the bananas will prevent them turning brown. Frozen bananas will last several weeks, depending on their ripeness and the temperature of the freezer.
If you have a juicer, you can simply feed in frozen bananas and some berries or sliced fruit. Out comes a “soft-serve” creamy dessert, to be eaten right away. This makes a fun activity for a children's party; they love feeding the fruit and frozen bananas into the top of the machine and watching the ice cream come out below.
1. From which is the text probably taken?
A. A biology textbook.
B. A health magazine.
C. A research paper.
D. A travel brochure.
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了七月给我们带来的多种浆果和核果，并告诉我们它们富含的营养以及可以制成的美食。
从全文内容看，第一段提到丰收的七月带来的果实，这些水果好比储存营养的小“动力室”；第二段提到山莓等各种水果含有的维生素等营养成分；第三、四段提到利用这些水果可制作各种美食。因此本文应该选自健康类的杂志，故选B项。
（选自2018年全国卷II阅读理解B篇）
[B]
2. Where is the passage most probably taken from?
A. A webpage.
B. A newspaper.
C. A novel.
D. A report.
（选自2015年重庆卷阅读理解C篇）
【分析】本文是一篇议论文。Lakelander想知道是否该用大声读报来向一个在火车上打电话声音太大的人抗议，然后大家给出了各自的看法。
根据文章大标题及每段话前的时间提示及人名可知，这种形式最可能出现在网上的论坛里，故选A项。
[C]
When I was nine years old, I loved to go fishing with my dad. But the only thing that wasn't very fun about it was that he could catch many fish while I couldn't catch anything. I usually got pretty upset and kept asking him why. He always answered, “Son, if you want to catch a fish, you have to think like a fish.” I remember being even more upset then because, “I'm not a fish!” I didn't know how to think like a fish. Besides, I reasoned, how could what I think influence what a fish does?
As I got a little older I began to understand what my dad really meant. So, I read some books on fish. And I even joined the local fishing club and started attending the monthly meetings. I learned that a fish is a cold-blooded animal and therefore is very sensitive to water temperature. That is why fish prefer shallow water to deep water because the former is warmer. Besides, water is usually warmer in direct sunlight than in the shade. Yet, fish don't have any eyelids (眼皮) and the sun hurts their eyes. ... The more I understood fish, the more I became effective at finding and catching them.
When I grew up and entered the business world, I remember hearing my first boss say, “We all need to think like salespeople.” But it didn't completely make sense. My dad never once said, “If you want to catch a fish you need to think like a fisherman.” What he said was, “You need to think like a fish.” Years later, with great efforts to promote long-term services to people much older and richer than me, I gradually learned what we all need is to think more like customers. It is not an easy job. I will show you how in the following chapters.
3. This passage most likely comes from _____.
A. a fishing guide
B. a popular sales book
C. a novel on childhood
D. a millionaire's biography
（选自2015年广东卷阅读理解B篇）
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者介绍了小时候钓鱼时父亲给自己的建议，以及这个建议对自己经商的启示。
最后一段中的business world, with great efforts to promote long-term services以及I will show you how in the following chapters是解答本题的关键信息，由这些信息可知本文很有可能来自一本有关销售的畅销书，故选B项。
