高中英语读写拓展之英文原版书精读讲义：《傲慢与偏见》chapter3
Not all that Mrs. Bennet, however, with the assistance of her five daughters, could ask on the subject, was sufficient to draw from her husband any satisfactory description of Mr. Bingley. They attacked him in various ways—with barefaced questions, ingenious suppositions, and distant surmises; but he eluded the skill of them all, and they were at last obliged to accept the second-hand intelligence of their neighbour, Lady Lucas. Her report was highly favourable. Sir William had been delighted with him. He was quite young, wonderfully handsome, extremely agreeable, and, to crown the whole, he meant to be at the next assembly with a large party. Nothing could be more delightful! To be fond of dancing was a certain step towards falling in love; and very lively hopes of Mr. Bingley’s heart were entertained.
【词语】
draw from
从…中得到；从…提取
description /dɪˈskrɪpʃn/
n. 描述，描写；类型；说明书
barefaced /ˈberfeɪst/
adj. 公然的；厚颜无耻的；不戴面具的
ingenious /ɪnˈdʒiːniəs/
adj. 有独创性的；机灵的，精制的；心灵手巧的
supposition /ˌsʌpəˈzɪʃn/
n. 假定；推测；想像；见解
surmise /sɝ'maɪz/
vt. 猜测；推测
vi. 猜测；认为
n. 推测；猜度
elude /ɪˈluːd/
vt. （尤指机智地，巧妙地）避开，逃避，躲避
vt. 使无法得到；使无法达到
vt. 使不记得；使不理解
to crown the whole
最重要的是
mean to do
打算做…；有意做
【语法解析】
1.Not all that Mrs. Bennet, however, with the assistance of her five daughters, could ask on the subject, was sufficient to draw from her husband any satisfactory description of Mr. Bingley.
理解这句话的第一步，去掉插入语：however, with the assistance of her five daughters后剩下：Not all that Mrs. Bennet could ask on the subject was sufficient to draw from her husband any satisfactory description of Mr. Bingley.
① that引导定语从句Mrs. Bennet could ask，修饰Not all (并不是所有的东西)，在从句作ask宾语。
②主干：Not all was sufficient.
2. Nothing could be more delightful! —— 在《傲慢与偏见》CHARPTER 2精读讲义中提及的部分倒装结构
【翻译】
尽管班纳特太太有了五个女儿帮忙说话，向她丈夫问起彬格莱先生情况，可是丈夫的回答总不能叫她满意。母女们想尽办法对付他，赤裸裸的提问，或者巧妙的设置问题，又或者问不着边际的猜测；可是他并没有上她们的圈套。最后她们迫不得已，只得听取邻居卢卡斯太太的间接消息。她的信息非常有可取之处。威廉爵士很喜欢他。他非常年轻，非常英俊，为人极其谦和，最重要的是，他打算请一大群人来参加下次的舞会。再没有比这更令人高兴的事了！喜欢跳舞是坠入爱河的必经之路；大家都非常希望得到彬格莱先生的那颗心。
“If I can but see one of my daughters happily settled at Netherfield,”said Mrs.Bennet to her husband,“and all the others equally well married, I shall have nothing to wish for.”
【翻译】
班纳特太太对她的丈夫说:“我只要能看到一个女儿在尼日斐花园幸福地安顿下来，看到别的几个也嫁得同样美满，那我就没有别的奢望了。”
In a few days Mr.Bingley returned Mr.Bennet’s visit, and sat about ten minutes with him in his library. He had entertained hopes of being admitted to a sight of the young ladies, of whose beauty he had heard much; but he saw only the father. The ladies were somewhat more fortunate, for they had the advantage of ascertaining from an upper window that he wore a blue coat, and rode a black horse.
【词语】
be admitted to……
加入；获准……
ascertain /ˌæsərˈteɪn/
vt. 确定；查明；探知
【语法解析】
1.being admitted to：动名词作hopes的同位语，并有自己的逻辑宾语a sight of the young ladies，ascertaining from也是此种用法。
2.He had entertained hopes of being admitted to a sight of the young ladies, of whose beauty (who) he had heard much.
①of whose：引导非限制性定语从句，修饰the young ladies，of为heard of中of前置了。
②(who)：省略的who引导定语从句he had heard much，修饰beauty，在从句中作had heard的宾语。
【翻译】
没过几天，彬格莱先生就来回访班纳特先生，在他的书房里陪他坐了十分钟左右。他久仰几位年轻小姐的美貌，满心希望能见见她们；但他只看到了他的父亲。倒是小姐们比较幸运，她们利用楼上的窗口，看到了他穿的是一件蓝上衣，骑的是一匹黑马。
An invitation to dinner was soon afterwards dispatched; and already had Mrs. Bennet planned the courses that were to do credit to her housekeeping, when an answer arrived which deferred it all. Mr.Bingley was obliged to be in town the following day, and, consequently, unable to accept the honour of their invitation, etc. Mrs. Bennet was quite disconcerted. She could not imagine what business he could have in town so soon after his arrival in Hertfordshire; and she began to fear that he might be always flying about from one place to another, and never settled at Netherfield as he ought to be. Lady Lucas quieted her fears a little by starting the idea of his being gone to London only to get a large party for the ball; and a report soon followed that Mr.Bingley was to bring twelve ladies and seven gentlemen with him to the assembly. The girls grieved over such a number of ladies, but were comforted the day before the ball by hearing, that instead of twelve, he brought only six with him from London—his five sisters and a cousin. And when the party entered the assembly room, it consisted of only five altogether—Mr. Bingley, his two sisters, the husband of the eldest, and another young man.
【词语】
dispatch：/dɪˈspætʃ/
v. 派遣，发送；迅速处理，快速办妥；杀死，处决
n. 派遣，调遣，发送；（军事人员或政府官员间的）急件，快信；（由身在外地的记者发给报纸的）报道，电讯
course
n. 科目；课程；过程；进程；道路；路线，航向；一道菜
vt. 追赶；跑过
vi. 指引航线；快跑
defer /dɪˈfɜːr/
vi. 推迟；延期；服从
vt. 使推迟；使延期
be obliged to……
不得不；有义务；感谢；被迫做……
disconcerted /ˌdɪskənˈsɜːrtɪd/
adj. 不安的；惊慌的
v. 使困惑；使仓皇失措（disconcert的过去分词）
grieve over哀悼
【语法解析】
Lady Lucas quieted her fears a little by starting the idea of his being gone to London only to get a large party for the ball
① starting：动名词作by的宾语，并有自己的逻辑宾语the idea
② his being gone to：动名词的复合结构，其中being gone to是动名词的完成式
③to get：非谓语不定式作目的状语
拓展语法点：
动名词复合结构（P&P中涉及了很多很多这样的句式，在这里解释一遍，后面遇到了就不一定单独拎出来了分析，要理解和记住哦~~）
1) 形容词性物主代词（my\his\her等）+ 动名词
2) 名称’s + 动名词
3) 代词宾格（me\us\her\him等）+ 动名词
4) 名词组；被修饰的名词；复数或集体或无生命名词 + 动名词
——该结构可在句中作主语[仅限1)和2)可以做主语]和宾语
【翻译】
不久就发出了吃饭的邀请;班纳特太太已经计划好了几道菜，足以增加她的体面，说明她是个会当家的人，可是班纳特太太回信来了，推迟了一切。彬格莱先生第二天非进城不可，因此他们这一番盛意使他无法领情。班纳特太太大为慌张。她简直想象不出，他刚到哈福德郡，就会到城里来有事；她开始担心他可能老是从一个地方跑到另一个地方，像他所打算的那样在尼日斐花园住下来。卢卡斯太太于是开始说，他是到伦敦去请一大群人来开舞会，这才稍稍减轻了她的顾虑。立刻就有传闻说彬格莱先生要带十二位小姐和七位先生来参加跳舞会。女士们为这么多的小姐们要来而感到难过，可是在开舞会的前一天，听说他并没有带来十二个小姐，而是从伦敦只带来了六个——五个是他的姐妹，一个是表姐妹，这才放了心。当这群人走进会场的时候，一共只有五个人。还有彬格莱先生的两个姐妹，姐姐的丈夫，还有一个青年。
Mr. Bingley was good-looking and gentlemanlike; he had a pleasant countenance, and easy, unaffected manners. His sisters were fine women, with an air of decided fashion. His brother-in-law, Mr. Hurst, merely looked the gentleman; but his friend Mr.Darcy soon drew the attention of the room by his fine, tall person, handsome features, noble mien, and the report which was in general circulation within five minutes after his entrance, of his having ten thousand a year. The gentlemen pronounced him to be a fine figure of a man, the ladies declared he was much handsomer than Mr. Bingley, and he was looked at with great admiration for about half the evening, till his manners gave a disgust which turned the tide of his popularity; for he was discovered to be proud; to be above his company, and above being pleased; and not all his large estate in Derbyshire could部分倒装 then save him from having a most forbidding, disagreeable countenance, and being unworthy to be compared with his friend.
【词语】
countenance /ˈkaʊntənəns/
n. 面容，表情；支持；拥护
v. 支持；赞同；认可
unaffected
adj. 不受影响的；自然的；真挚的；不矫揉造作的
noble /ˈnoʊbl/
adj. 高尚的；贵族的；惰性的；宏伟的
n. 贵族
vt. 抓住；逮捕
mien /miːn/
n. 态度；风采；样子
tide /taɪd/
n. 趋势，潮流；潮汐
vt. 随潮漂流
company
n. 公司；陪伴，同伴；连队
vi. 交往
vt. 陪伴
save ……from……
保留，免于；使免遭
forbidding /fərˈbɪdɪŋ/
v. 禁止；不准（某人）做某事；（使）……不可能做某事，妨碍（forbid 的现在分词）
adj. （外表）冷峻的，令人生畏的；令人厌恶的；险恶的
【语法解析】
1.The gentlemen pronounced him to be a fine figure of a man.
to be a fine figure of a man：非谓语不定式作宾语补足语
2.for he was discovered to be proud; to be above his company, and above being pleased.
我们中文常说，不屑于（做某事），用英文怎么说呢，就是above这个单词，这里词性为副词。
3.and being unworthy to be compared with his friend.
being unworthy：非谓语现在分词作伴随状语
【翻译】
彬格莱先生仪表堂堂，很有绅士风度；他和颜悦色，没有拘泥做作的举止。他的姐妹们都是漂亮的优雅的女人。他的姐夫赫斯特先生，只是个普通绅士而已；可是他的朋友达西先生立刻引起全场的注意，因为他身材魁伟，眉清目秀，举止高贵，于是他进场不到五分钟，大家都纷纷传说他每年有一万磅的收入。男客们都称赞他的一表人才，女客们都说他比彬格莱先生英俊得多。大约有半个晚上的时间，大家都怀着爱慕的目光看着他，直到他的行为引起了人们的厌恶，他那美好的声誉才改变了。因为人们发现他很骄傲；不屑他的同伴，不屑和其他人一起愉悦；即使他在德比郡有那么多的财产，也救不了他那张讨人嫌惹人厌的脸，再说，与他的朋友相比他简直就算不上什么。
Mr. Bingley had soon made himself acquainted with all the principal people in the room; he was lively and unreserved, danced every dance, was angry that the ball closed so early, and talked of giving one himself at Netherfield. Such amiable qualities must speak for themselves. What a contrast between him and his friend! Mr. Darcy danced only once with Mrs. Hurst and once with Miss Bingley, declined being introduced to any other lady, and spent the rest of the evening in walking about the room, speaking occasionally to one of his own party. His character was decided. He was the proudest, most disagreeable man in the world, and everybody hoped that he would never come there again. Amongst the most violent against him was Mrs. Bennet, whose dislike of his general behavior was sharpened into particular resentment by his having slighted one of her daughters.
【词语】
amiable /ˈeɪmiəbl/
adj. 和蔼可亲的，亲切的
resentment /rɪˈzentmənt/
n. 愤恨，怨恨
slight /slaɪt/
adj. 轻微的，少量的；脆弱的；细长的；不重要的
vt. 轻视，忽略；怠慢
n. 怠慢；轻蔑
【语法解析】
Mr. Bingley had soon made himself acquainted with all the principal people in the room，其中的 make oneself done something 为固定搭配，意为让某人自己做某事。
拓展：
make something done，意为让某事被做
make somebody do something，意为让某人做某事
以上的make均可替换为have/get
【翻译】
彬格莱先生很快就结识了屋子里所有的主要人物。令他遗憾的是，舞会结束得这么早，他还说要在尼日斐花园自己开一次舞会。这些可爱的品质肯定不言自明。他和他的朋友之间形成了多么鲜明的对比啊！达西先生只跟赫斯特太太跳了一次舞，跟彬格莱小姐跳了一次舞，就在房间里走来走去，偶而找他认识的人说说话，人家要介绍他跟别的小姐跳舞，他怎么也不肯。他的性格在场的人们已经给出了判断。他是世界上最骄傲、最讨厌的人，大家都希望他不要再来。其中对他反感最厉害的是班纳特太太，她对他的整个举止都感到讨厌，由于他怠慢了她的一个女儿，这种讨厌更是加重了起来，变为了一种特别的忿怨之情。
Elizabeth Bennet had been obliged, by the scarcity of gentlemen插入语, to sit down for two dances; and during part of that time, Mr.Darcy had been standing near enough for her to hear a conversation between him and Mr.Bingley, who came from the dance for a few minutes, to press his friend to join it.
【词语】
oblige/əˈblaɪdʒ/
vt. 迫使；强制；赐，施恩惠；责成；义务
vi. 帮忙；施恩惠
oblige to……
必须；不得不
【翻译】
因为晚会上的男舞伴们少，伊丽莎白·班纳特有两场舞不得不空坐在那里；在那期间，达西先生就站在离她不远的地方，因此当彬格莱先生离开场子几分钟过来催促他的朋友也去跳舞起来的时候，她听到了他们之间的那场对话。
“Come, Darcy,”said he,“I must have you dance. I hate to see you standing about by yourself in this stupid manner. You had much better dance.”
【翻译】
“来吧，达西，”他说，“我一定要你跳舞。我不愿看到你一个人这样傻傻地站着。你还是跳支舞吧。”
“I certainly shall not. You know how I detest it, unless I am particularly acquainted with my partner. At such an assembly as this, it would be insupportable. Your sisters are engaged, and there is not another woman in the room whom it would not be a punishment to me to stand up with.”
【词语】
detest /dɪˈtest/
vt. 厌恶；憎恨
insupportable /ˌɪnsəˈpɔːrtəbl/
adj. 不能忍受的；忍耐不住的
【翻译】
“我不会跳的。你也知道我讨厌跳舞，除非是和我特别熟悉的人。在像现在这样的晚会上跳，我简直受不了。你的姐妹们都忙碌着，这屋子里再也找不到任何一个别的女人，如果我去和她跳舞不是让我活受罪吗。”
“I would not be so fastidious as you are,”cried Mr.Bingley,“for a kingdom! Upon my honour, I never met with so many pleasant girls in my life as I have this evening; and there are several of them you see uncommonly pretty.”
【词语】
fastidious /fæˈstɪdiəs/
adj. 挑剔的；苛求的，难取悦的；（微生物等）需要复杂营养地
【翻译】
“我可不愿意象你那样挑剔，”彬格莱先生嚷道，“无论如何也不会！老实说，我生平从来没见过今天晚上这么多可爱的姑娘。你看，有几个可以说是非常美丽的。”
“You are dancing with the only handsome girl in the room,”said Mr.Darcy, looking at the eldest Miss Bennet.
【翻译】
“跟你跳舞的那一个，是这屋子里惟一长得好看的姑娘。”达西先生说，一边用眼睛望着那边的班纳特家的最大的哪位小姐。
“Oh! She is the most beautiful creature I ever beheld! But there is one of her sisters sitting down just behind you, who is very pretty, and I dare say very agreeable. Do let me ask my partner to introduce you.”
【翻译】
“噢！她是我所见过的最漂亮的姑娘！不过，在你身后坐着她的妹妹，我敢说，也很漂亮，很招人喜爱。让我请我的舞伴给你介绍一下。”
“Which do you mean?”and turning round, he looked for a moment at Elizabeth, till catching her eye, he withdrew his own and coldly said:“She is tolerable, but not handsome enough to tempt me; I am in no humour at present to give consequence to young ladies who are slighted by other men. You had better return to your partner and enjoy her smiles, for you are wasting your time with me.”
【词语】
tempt /tempt/
vt. 诱惑；引起；冒…的风险；使感兴趣
【翻译】
“你指的是哪一个?”他转过身来，朝着伊丽莎白望了一会儿，等她也看见了他，他才收回自己的目光，冷冷的说:“她还可以，但是还没有漂亮到打动我的心;目前我可没有兴趣去重视那些受到别人轻视的小姐们。你还是回到你的舞伴身边去欣赏她的微笑吧，因为你是在我身上浪费时间。”
Mr. Bingley followed his advice. Mr. Darcy walked off; and Elizabeth remained with no very cordial feelings toward him. She told the story, however, with great spirit among her friends; for she had a lively, playful disposition, which delighted in anything ridiculous.
【词语】
cordial /ˈkɔːrdʒəl/
adj. 热情友好的；由衷的；兴奋的
n. 甜果汁饮料；镇定药；兴奋剂；甜香酒
【翻译】
彬格莱先生听了他的话。达西先生走开了。伊丽莎白对他并没有多大好感。不过，她还是兴致勃勃地把这个故事讲给她的朋友们听。因为她的性格活泼好动，能从任何好笑的事物中得到乐趣。
The evening altogether passed off pleasantly to the whole family. Mrs.Bennet had seen her eldest daughter much admired by the Netherfield party. Mr.Bingley had danced with her twice, and she had been distinguished by his sisters. Jane was as much gratified by this as her mother could be, though in a quieter way. Elizabeth felt Jane’s pleasure. Mary had heard herself mentioned to Miss Bingley as the most accomplished girl in the neighbourhood; and Catherine and Lydia had been fortunate enough never to be without partners, which was all that they had yet learnt to care for at a ball. They returned, therefore, in good spirits to Longbourn, the village where they lived, and of which they were the principal inhabitants. They found Mr.Bennet still up. With a book he was regardless of time; and on the present occasion he had a good deal of curiosity as to the events of an evening which had raised such splendid expectations. He had rather hoped that his wife’s views on the stranger would be disappointed; but he soon found out that he had a different story to hear.
【词语】
gratified /ˈɡrætɪfaɪd/
adj. 称心的，令人满意的
v. 使满足，使高兴；纵情（于），满足（愿望等）（gratify 的过去式及过去分词）
accomplished
adj. 完成的；熟练的，有技巧的；有修养的；有学问的
splendid /ˈsplendɪd/
adj. 辉煌的；灿烂的；极好的；杰出的
【翻译】
整个晚上全家人都过得很愉快。班纳特太太看到尼日斐花园的一家人都那么喜欢她的大女儿。彬格莱先生跟她跳了两次舞，他的姐妹们都对她另眼相看。吉英和她母亲一样高兴，只是没有像她母亲那样声张。伊丽莎白为简感到高兴。曼丽曾听到人们在彬格莱小姐面前提到她自己，说她是邻近一带最有才气的姑娘，凯瑟琳和丽迪雅也很幸运，一直都没少了舞伴，这是她们每逢开舞会唯一关心的一点。她们高高兴兴地回到她们所住的浪搏恩，她们是这个村子的主要住户。她们发现班纳特先生还没有睡。他带着一本书，也不顾时间；他对事先曾激起妻子和女儿的无限憧憬和期待的这一场舞会，当然颇有些好奇之心。他宁可希望他太太对那个陌生人失望。可是他很快就发现，他现在听到的和他所希望的完全不同。
“Oh! my dear Mr.Bennet,” as she entered the room,“we have had a most delightful evening, a most excellent ball. I wish you had been there. Jane was so admired, nothing could be like it. Everybody said how well she looked; and Mr.Bingley thought her quite beautiful, and danced with her twice! Only think of that, my dear; he actually danced with her twice! and she was the only creature in the room that he asked a second time. First of all, he asked Miss Lucas. I was so vexed to see him stand up with her! But, however, he did not admire her at all; indeed, nobody can, you know; and he seemed quite struck with Jane as she was going down the dance. So he inquired who she was, and got introduced, and asked her for the two next. Then the two third he danced with Miss King, and the two fourth with Maria Lucas, and the two fifth with Jane again, and the two sixth with Lizzy, and the Boulanger—”
【翻译】
“噢！亲爱的，”他的妻子一进门就喊，“
我和女儿们度过了一个最愉快的晚上，参加过了一个最好的舞会。我希望你也在那儿就好了。吉英受到了那么多的赞扬，谁也无法跟她相比。人人都说她长得漂亮；彬格莱先生认为她非常的美丽，和她跳了两回舞；在这个晚会上她是惟一得到他两次邀请的姑娘。舞会一开始时，他邀的是鲁卡斯小姐。看到他跟她站在一块儿，我很恼火；不过，他根本不喜欢她，你也知道没有人会的；当吉英走下舞池的时候，他的心却似乎深深地被打动了。于是，他向人寻问她的姓名，请人进行介绍并邀她跳下一轮舞。第三场他跟金小姐跳，第四场跟玛丽亚·卢卡斯跳，第五场又跟吉英跳，第六场是跟丽萃跳，还有布朗杰——
“If he had had any compassion for me,” cried her husband impatiently,” he would not have danced half so much! For God’s sake, say no more of his partners. O that he had sprained his ankle in the first dance!”
【翻译】
“要是他稍微同情我一下的话，”她的丈夫不耐烦地喊道，“他就会连这么多的一半也跳不到了！天哪，不要再提他的这些舞伴了。啊！真想他在跳第一场舞时就把脚腕扭了！”
Oh! my dear, I am quite delighted with him. He is so excessively handsome! And his sisters are charming women. I never in my life saw anything more elegant than their dresses. I dare say the lace upon Mrs.Hurst’s gown—”
【词语】
gown /ɡaʊn/
n. 长袍，长外衣；礼服；睡袍；法衣
vt. 使穿睡衣
【翻译】
哦！亲爱的，我很喜欢他。他长得太漂亮了！他的姐妹们都很迷人。我一生中还从来没有见过她们那么高雅的服饰。我敢说，赫斯特太太衣服上的花边——”
Here she was interrupted again. Mr.Bennet protested against any description of finery. She was therefore obliged to seek another branch of the subject, and related, with much bitterness of spirit and some exaggeration, the shocking rudeness of Mr. Darcy.
【词语】
protested against
反对，对…提出抗议
finery /ˈfaɪnəri/
n. 服饰；华丽的服饰，鲜艳服装；装饰
bitterness /ˈbɪtərnəs/
n. 苦味；苦难；怨恨
exaggeration /ɪɡˌzædʒəˈreɪʃn/
n. 夸张；夸大之词；夸张的手法
【翻译】
说到这里她又被打断了。班纳特先生不愿听到任何有关衣饰方面的细节描述。于是她不得不另找一个话题，她忿忿地又夸张地讲述了达西先生的令人吃惊的无礼行为。
“But I can assure you,”she added,“that Lizzy does not lose much by not suiting his fancy; for he is a most disagreeable, horrid man, not at all worth pleasing. So high and so conceited that there was no enduring him! He walked here, and he walked there, fancying himself so very great! Not handsome enough to dance with! I wish you had been there, my dear, to have given him one of your set-downs. I quite detest the man.”
【词语】
horrid /ˈhɔːrɪd/
adj. 可怕的；恐怖的；极讨厌的
conceited /kənˈsiːtɪd/
adj. 自负的；狂想的；逞能的
set-downs
n. 叱责；辱骂；着陆
拓展：
set down
放下；记下；看做；确定
【词语】
她说：“
可是我可以告诉你，丽萃不合他的意，这对丽萃并没有什么损失；因为他是一个最讨厌、最可怕的人，一点也不值得去讨好。他那么高傲，又那么自负，以至于人受不了！他在这儿走走，在那儿走走，自以为自己很了不起！还认为在场的人没有资格跟他跳舞！亲爱的，我真希望你当时在场，给他一顿叱责。我相当讨厌这个人。”
