（一）
On the morning of her grandson's wedding, Peg McCormack received some bad news. The 91﹣year﹣old was in the hospital after a fall when she found out she would be unable to attend the ____1____（celebrate） in Madison, New Jersey.
Unknown to McCormack, her grandson Brian ____2____ his wife Lauren had made a heartfelt plan ____3____（include） her in the day's activities. ____4____（follow）by a wedding photographer, the couple made a surprise visit ____5____ the hospital before heading to the Reception.
"She was so excited to watch ____6____（we） get married, " the bride said."She was simply living for this wedding.So we brought the wedding to her."
"When we walked into that room,she was ____7____（obvious） shocked, " the photographer said. "She just kept ____8____（say）'I can't believe you're here!' and thanking them for coming to see her.The way she held their hands, ____9____（touch）their faces and just looked at them,you could tell they had such a special bond. I don't think she released Brian's hand ____10____ entire time that we were in the room."
"It meant the world to bring the wedding to her," the groom said."It was such a small portion of the day to trade in for such a special moment."
(2020·山东省高考模拟)
解析：
1. celebration 考查名词。前面有the,所以用名词celebration,为不可数名词,无复数。
2. and 考查连词。指Brain和他的妻子,所以用and连接。
3. including 考查介词。后跟宾语所以用介词,句意为：麦考马克不知道,她的孙子布莱恩和他的妻子劳伦已经做了一个由衷的计划,让她参加当天的活动,故填including。
4. followed 考查过去分词。句子主语和follow之间是被动关系,所以用过去分词作状语,故填followed。
5. to 考查固定搭配。make a visit to sp参观某地,故填介词to。
6. us 考查人称代词。we作宾语,所以用宾格代词,故填us。
7. obviously 考查副词。修饰形容词,所以用副词,故填obviously。
8. saying考查动名词。keep doing sth一直做某事,故填saying。
9. touched 考查时态。和held,look并列作谓语,所以用过去式,故填touched。
10. the 考查固定搭配。the entire time that相当于when，故填the。
（二）
The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland. While they are rare north of 88°,there is evidence ____1____ they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been ____2____ studied； however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000﹣25,000 polar bears worldwide.
Modern methods ____3____tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid﹣1980s,and are expensive ____4____（perform） consistently over a large area. In recent years some Inuit people in Nunayut ____5____（report） increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a ____6____（believe） that populations are increasing. Scientists have responded by ____7____（note） that hungry bears may be congregating（聚集） around human settlements, leading to the illusion（错觉） that populations are ____8____（high） than they actually are. Of ____9____nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six ________（be） stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.
(2019·全国Ⅰ)
解析：
1. that 考查同位语从句。本句是同位语从句,后文句子是对名词evidence的解释和说明,从句中不缺少句子成分,所以用that引导。故填that。
2. poorly 考查副词。此处用副词修饰动词study,poorly是副词"贫乏地",所以填poorly。
3. of/for 考查介词。追踪北极熊的方法,应该用methods of 或者for表达,所以填of或者for。
4. to perform 考查不定式。be +形容词+动词不定式是英语的固定句型,其中动词不定式做主语补足语，所以填to perform。
5. have reported 考查时态。根据时间状语 In recent years 在近几年来,可见与现在完成时连用,故填have reported。
6. belief 考查名词。此处是用名词做宾语,根据句意：使人相信北极熊的数目在增加.belief是名词"相信",所以填belief。
7. noting 考查非谓语。介词by后跟动名词,note是动词,所以填noting。
8. higher 考查比较级。根据比较级的句型than的前边必须用形容词的比较级,所以填higher。
9. the 考查冠词。序数词前边必须用定冠词the,所以填the。
10. are 考查主谓一致。six做主语是指六个熊群,所以谓语动词用复数形式,故填are。
（三）
A 90﹣year﹣old has been awarded"Woman Of The Year"for ____1____（be）Britain's oldest full﹣time employee﹣still working 40 hours a week. Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield, ____2____ she opened with her late husband Les. Her years of hard work have ____3____（final）been acknowledged after a customer nominated（提名）her to be Cheshire's Woman Of The Year.
Picking up her"Lifetime Achievement"award,proud Irene ____4____（declare） she had no plans ____5____（retire） from her 36﹣year﹣old business. Irene said,"I don't see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I ____6____（make） over the years. I work not because I have to, ____7____ because I want to."
Granddaughter Gayle Parks, 31, who works alongside her in the family business﹣said it remained unknown as to who nominated Irene for the award. She said,"We don't have any idea who put grandma forward. When we got a call ____8____（say）she was short﹣listed,we thought it was ____9____ joke. But then we got an official letter and we were blown away. We are so proud of her. It's ____10____（wonder）."
(2019·全国II)
解析：
1. being 考查动名词。根据句子结构分析,前面介词for,后面接动名词形式,故填being。
2. which 考查定语从句。根据句子结构分析,此句为定语从句,先行词pet shop在从句作宾语,用关系代词which引导,故填which。
3. finally 考查副词。根据句子结构分析,此处修饰句子用副词形式,finally最终地,符合题意,故填finally。
4. declared 考查动词。根据句意可知,此处表达"宣布",时态为过去时态,故填declared。
5. to retire 考查不定式。根据句子结构分析,此处用不定式短语表达目的,作状语,故填 to retire。
6. have made 考查现在完成时。根据时间状语over the years,可知此处用现完成时态,故填have made。
7. but 考查连词。根据句意分析,我工作不是因为我必须工作,而是因为我想工作.此处表达"转折"含义,故填but。
8. saying 考查现在分词。根据句子结构分析,此处用现在分词表主动关系,作call的后置短语,故填saying。
9. a 考查冠词。根据句意可知,此处表达"一个笑话",joke是可数名词,故填a。
10. wonderful 考查形容词。根据句意可知,此处构成系表结构,用形容词修饰,故填wonderful。
（四）
On our way to the house,it was raining ____1____ hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take ____2____（get）there. It was in the middle of Pearl City.
We were first greeted with the barking by a pack ____3____ dogs,seven to be exact. They were well trained by their masters ____4____ had great experience with caring for these animals. Our hosts shared many of their experiences and ____5____（recommend）wonderful places to eat,shop,and visit. For breakfast,we were able to eat papaya（木瓜）and other fruits from their trees in the backyard.
When they were free from work,they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting ____6____（compete）to watch,together with the story behind it. They also shared with us many ____7____（tradition）stories about Hawaii that were ____8____（huge）popular with tourists. On the last day of our week﹣long stay,we ____9____（invite）to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars, ____10____(listen）to musicians and meeting interesting locals.
(2019·全国III)
解析：
1.so 考查固定短语。so用于修饰形容词和副词, such用于修饰名词和代词。而句中hard为副词,故使用so进行修饰。
2. to get 考查非谓语。It takes time to do sth…：花时间做某事,该句式中it作形式主语,time做宾语,使用不定式作真正的主语.而句中只是在对宾语时间,用how long 对其进行提问,不影响不定式的使用,故答案为to get。
3. of 考查固定短语。 a pack of 几个\几只。
4. who 考查连词。该句是一个定语从句,先行词为master ,定语从句的谓语为had,缺少主语,故使用关系代词who。
5. recommended 考查谓语动词。该句中有一个并列连词and,它连接的应该是结构、时态等都相同的内容.根据句意,此处是主人们既分享了经历又推荐了吃喝游玩的地方,故and连接的应该是并列谓语,前句使用了shared过去时,故recommend也该使用过去时,即答案为recommended。
6. competition 考查名词。该空格前使用了不定冠词a 以及形容词interesting 进行修饰,由此判断该空格处应使用一个名词,动词compete为竞争,名词为比赛：competition.因为有a修饰,故使用单数。
7. traditional 考查形容词。名词stories应该使用名词进行修饰,故使用traditional。
8. hugely 考查副词。该定语从句主语由关系代词that充当,谓语为be popular with…受…欢迎…根据句意,极大的受欢迎,应该使用副词对其进行修饰,故使用hugely。
9. were invited 考查谓语。该句主语为we,而动词invite为及物动词,该及物动词后没有带宾语,故该句应该是使用被动语态,表示我们被邀请.主语we为复数,故谓语部分的be动词使用复数,即答案为were。
10. listening 考查非谓语动词。该复合句谓语为be invited,因此动词listen只能用作非谓语,主语we和listen之间应该是主动关系,故使用现在分词表主动。
（五）
According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years __1__ (long) than nonrunners. You don't have to run fast or for long __2__ (see) the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of __3__ (die) early by running.
While running regularly can't make you live forever, the review says it __4__ (be) more effective at lengthening life __5__ walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 __6__ showed a mere 5 to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all __7__ (cause)．
The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise... it's probably running. To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to __8__ (strength) your leg muscles(肌肉), avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and it's always __9__ (energy). If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give __10__ a try.
(2018·全国Ⅰ)
解析：
1. longer 考查形容词。根据空白处之后的than可知，此处用long的比较级。
2. to see 考查非谓语动词。根据句意“要见到效果，你不必快跑或长时间地跑”， to see作目的状语。
3. dying 考查非谓语动词。介词后应用die的动名词形式dying。
4. is 考查时态语态。本文讲述跑步的好处，用的是现在时态，再根据空白处前面的can't make和says可知，此处讲述的是客观事实，因此用is。
5. than 考查介词。这里是将跑步和其他运动方式作对比，再由上文的more effective可知，此处用than。
6. that/which 考查定语从句。此处用that/which引导定语从句修饰先行词study。
7. causes 考查名词。根据句意“每天仅仅跑5～10分钟就能降低所有因素导致的心脏病和早逝的风险”以及all可知，cause用复数形式。
8. strengthen 考查动词。此处表明做运动的目的，再根据后面的宾语your leg muscles判断此处应用及物动词strengthen。
9. energetic 考查形容词。本句为主系表结构，故此处应该用形容词作表语。
10. it/running 考查代词。give it/sth. a try是固定短语，意为“尝试某事物”。
（六）
There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community(医学界) __1__ a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side __2__ (effect) such as overweight and heart disease—the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.
Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required __3__ (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt __4__ (remove) from food, the food tastes as if is missing something. As __5__ result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even __6__ (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food __7__ (be) full of fat and salt; by __8__ (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.
Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be __9__ (care) not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, __10__ is not good for the health.
(2017·全国Ⅰ)
解析：
本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了对于食物中的脂肪和盐分，人们的态度不一。脂肪和盐分对于健康来说是必不可少的，但如果人们摄入过多的脂肪和盐分，自身的健康将会受到损害。
1. as 考查介词。句意：这个做法最初是医学界作为一种对抗心脏病的形式开始的。as表示“作为，以……身份”，故填as。
2. effects 考查单复数。分析语境可知作者表达的意思是“一些不为人知的副作用”，根据前文的some可知“副作用side effect”有很多，故填effects。
3. to process 考查不定式。句意：他们被要求加工食物 require表示“要求”， require sb. to do sth.表示“要求某人做某事”，被动形式为“sb. be required to do sth.”，表示“某人被要求做某事”。故填to process。
4. are removed考查被动语态。句意：当脂肪和盐分从食物中被去掉分析可知fat, salt和move之间是被动关系，脂肪和盐分是被人们去掉，所以用被动语态。故填are removed。
5. a考查冠词。固定短语as a result表示“结果”。句意：结果，人们将吃更多的食物去弥补损失的东西。故填a。
6. worse考查比较级。句意：更糟糕的是，人们所吃快餐的数量增加了。故填worse。
7. is考查主谓一致。句意：快餐食物中充满了脂肪和盐。fast food的意思是“快餐”，表示一类食物、为不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式。故填is。
8. eating 考查动名词。句意：通过吃更多的快餐，人们将在饮食中摄入超过需求量的脂肪和盐。根据前文中的by可知此处应该填名词，所以填eat的动名词形式。故填eating。
9. careful考查形容词。句意：然而，注意不要走极端。分析语境可知be后面应该用形容词做表语，故填careful。
10. which 考查非限制性定语从句。句意：很可能摄入过多的脂肪和盐，那对健康没有好处。分析可知which is not good for the health为非限制性定语从句，先行词为前文中的have too much of both“摄入过多的脂肪和盐”。故填which。
（七）
Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asia's biggest building, and fancy new hotels. But for tourists like me, pandas are its top __1__ (attract)．
So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the notforprofit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research. I __2__ (allow) to get up close to these cute animals at the 600acre centre. From tomorrow, I will be their UK ambassador. The title will be __3__ (official) given to me at a ceremony in London. But my connection with pandas goes back __4__ my days on a TV show in the mid1980s, __5__ I was the first Western TV reporter __6__ (permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. My ambassadorial duties will include __7__ (introduce) British visitors to the 120plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research centre in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.
On my recent visit, I held a lively threemonthold twin that had been rejected by __8__ (it) mother. The nursery team switches him every few __9__(day) with his sister so that while one is being bottlefed, __10__ other is with mum—she never suspects.
(2016·全国Ⅰ)
解析：
本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者的成都之旅及其与大熊猫之间的故事。
1. attraction。考查词性转换之动词变为名词。由空格前的形容词性物主代词its以及形容词top可知此处应该填动词attract的名词形式attraction，意为“吸引人之物”。
2. was allowed。考查动词时态和语态。分析句子结构可知，主语I与动词allow之间存在被动关系，且前一句的“was”可知此处应用一般过去时，故填was allowed。
3. officially。考查词性转换之形容词变为副词。此处修饰动词应用副词，故填officially。
4. to。考查介词。go back to是固定搭配，意为“追溯到”。
5. when。考查连词。分析句子结构和句意可知，空格处要引导定语从句，且在从句中作时间状语，故填关系副词when。
6. permitted。考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空格处为非谓语动词作后置定语，permit与被修饰的名词之间是被动关系，故填permitted。
7. introducing。考查非谓语动词。动词include后跟动名词作宾语，故填introducing。
8. its。考查代词。由后面的名词mother可知，此处应填it的形容词性物主代词its。
9. days。考查名词。由few修饰可数名词复数可知，此处填days。every few days是“每隔几天”的意思。
10. the。考查冠词。这里考查的是one...the other...这一固定搭配，意为“一个……另一个……”。
(八)
Yangshuo, China
It was raining lightly when I __1__ (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn. But I didn't care. A few hours __2__， I'd been at home in Hong Kong, with __3__ (it) choking smog. Here, the air was clean and fresh, even with the rain.
I'd skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River __4__ are pictured by artists in so many Chinese __5__ (painting). Instead, I'd head straight for Yangshuo. For those who fly to Guilin, it's only an hour away __6__ car and offers all the scenery of the betterknown city.
Yangshuo __7__ (be) really beautiful. A study of travelers __8__ (conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world. And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in Asia. Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it __9__ (regular) arranges quick getaways here for people __10__ (live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.
(2015·全国Ⅰ)
解析：
本文是一篇游记，记述了作者到阳朔游玩的经历和感受。
1. arrived。考查动词时态。根据主句中的was和后一句的didn't可知用一般过去时。
2. before/earlier。考查副词。句意：几个小时前，我待在香港的家里。注意不可以用ago，因为句子谓语是had been。
3. its。考查代词。空格后面smog为名词，故用it的形容词性物主代词形式its。
4. that/which。考查定语从句。先行词为the Li River，且在从句中作主语，故用关系代词that或which。
5. paintings。考查名词的单复数。空格前面有so many修饰，所以用复数形式。
6. by。考查介词。by car乘汽车。
7. is。考查动词时态和主谓一致。根据后文的时态可知用一般现在时，介绍客观情况，Yangshuo是第三人称单数，所以用is。
8. conducted。考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句子主干为A study of travelers names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world，所以conduct应使用非谓语形式，对study作后置定语，两者为被动关系，故用过去分词形式。
9. regularly。考查词性转换之形容词变为副词。此处用副词修饰动词arrange。
10. living。考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构，空格处为非谓语动词作后置定语，people与live之间为主动关系，故用living。
