背景知识
fair use
合理使用，是重要的著作权限制机制，它是指在特定的条件下，法律允许他人自由使用享有著作权的作品，而不必征得权利人的许可，不向其支付报酬的合法行为。
脉络梳理
【Para. 1-2】 引出话题：大型科技公司窃取原创作品训练生成式人工智能模型，并举盖蒂图片社起诉Stability AI为例
【Para. 3-4】 分析大型科技公司的做法的影响
【Para. 5-7】 提出建议：制定新的法律来管理人工智能，保障艺术家的权利和文化的发展
双语阅读
正文字数：426 Words
Para. 1
Big Tech companies are “training” generative AI models by stealing music, books, photographs, paintings and videos off the internet under the guise of copyright “fair use.”
大型科技公司打着版权“合理使用”的幌子，从互联网上窃取音乐、书籍、照片、绘画和视频，来“训练”生成式人工智能模型。
Para. 2
Last month, Getty Images sued Stability AI — the maker of the popular image generator Stable Diffusion — for not only “ingesting” 12 million of Getty’s photos, but also for altering or removing copyright management information from the images. It seems clearly unlawful, but that doesn’t mean the courts will agree. Big Tech has successfully skated through legal matters for years, waving the banner of “permissionless innovation.”
上个月，盖蒂图片社起诉了Stability AI（广受欢迎的图像生成器Stable Diffusion的制造商），称它不仅“抓取”了盖蒂的1200万张图片，而且还修改或删除了图片的版权管理信息。这样做显然是非法的，但这并不意味着法院会同意。多年来，大型科技公司挥舞着“无许可创新”的旗帜，成功绕过了法律问题。
Para. 3
Only the biggest of Big Tech players will dominate generative AI, because it requires massive amounts of computing power. But copyright appears to be anything but a top priority for Google, Meta and Microsoft. So while human creators rationally explore and debate this issue, tech corporations are using their work to train the generative machines that ultimately may make the artists obsolete.
只有那些最大的大型科技公司才能主导生成式人工智能，因为它需要巨大的计算量。但版权似乎并不是谷歌、Meta（脸书母公司）和微软优先考虑的事。因此，当人类创作者对这个问题加以理性的探索和辩论时，科技公司正在利用他们的作品来训练最终可能使他们被淘汰的生成式人工智能机器。
Para. 4
The problem is not just the immiseration of artists’ incomes. AI operates on the theory that all the possible original ideas in the universe are already contained in the data sets they have ingested from the internet. So, the intelligence of AI merely requires recombining this data into something that differs enough from the ingested work to not risk a copyright suit.
问题不仅仅是艺术家的收入缩水。人工智能运行基于的理论是，宇宙中所有可能的原创想法都已经包含在它们从互联网上抓取的数据集当中。因此，人工智能的“智能”只需要将这些数据重新组合，使之与抓取到的作品有足够的差异，就可以免遭版权诉讼。
Para. 5
Surely, the world has enough formulaic artistic content already. What’s needed: keeping the spigot of original ideas and new thoughts open — to build a culture that goes beyond what is already found on the internet and can be enriched by artists who might grow in ways no AI could predict.
当然，这个世界已经有够多俗套的艺术内容了。我们需要做的是让原创想法和新思想充分涌流，以打造一种文化，它超越了互联网上现有的文化，由人类艺术家来丰富和完善，这些艺术家的成长方式可能是人工智能无法预测的。
Para. 6
This is not to ignore the promise that AI holds to vastly improve human lives in areas such as agriculture planning and cancer screening and traffic routing. Even the creative arts will benefit from smart tools — in music, that might mean creating new sounds, improving streaming playlists and matching concert tours to audiences in new and more effective ways. But if the core creative act is radically diminished or replaced, that will stop culture in its tracks.
这并不是要忽视人工智能在农业规划、癌症筛查和行车路线等领域极大改善人类生活的前景。即使是创意艺术也将受益于智能工具——在音乐领域，这可能意味着创造新的声音，改进流媒体播放列表，以及以新的、更有效的方式为观众匹配巡回演唱会。但如果核心的创造性行为被彻底削弱或取代，文化就会停滞不前。
Para. 7
We realize that Big Tech’s plunge into AI has raised concerns that may make the endangering of artists’ rights seem pale in comparison. Yet a nation’s cultural life is not a minor matter, and preserving artists’ rights is essential to ensuring their continued contribution. Any reasonable interpretation of existing copyright law ought to protect against abuses, but that doesn’t always happen. Another solution may be needed: new laws and regulations governing AI and safeguarding the human core of creative artistry.
我们意识到，大型科技公司对人工智能的投入引发了人们的担忧，相比之下，艺术家的权利受威胁可能显得微不足道。然而，一个国家的文化生活不是一件小事，保护艺术家的权利对于确保他们继续做出贡献至关重要。对现有版权法的任何合理解释都应该防止滥用，但事实并非总是如此。我们可能还需要另一种解决方案：制定新的法律法规来管理人工智能，并保护创意艺术的人类核心。
词汇积累
guise [ɡaɪz] n. 伪装，外表，幌子
copyright [ˈkɑːpiraɪt] n. 版权，著作权
ingest [ɪnˈdʒest] v. 摄取，吸收
alter [ˈɔːltər] v. 改变，更改
dominate [ˈdɑːmɪneɪt] v. 支配，控制，影响
priority [praɪˈɔːrəti] n. 优先考虑的事，首要事情
obsolete [ˌɑːbsəˈliːt] adj. 淘汰的，废弃的，过时的
immiseration [ɪmaɪzəˈreɪʃn] n. 贫穷化，贫困化
formulaic [ˌfɔːrmjuˈleɪɪk] adj. 公式化的，俗套的，非独创的
spigot [ˈspɪɡət] n. 塞子，栓
radically [ˈrædɪkli] adv. 根本地，彻底地
interpretation [ɪnˌtɜːrprɪˈteɪʃn] n. 理解，解释；演绎，演奏
固定搭配
skate through 顺利通过
hold promise 有希望
stop ... in its tracks （使）立即停止，立即中断
plunge into sth. 卷入，参与
pale in/by comparison 相比之下微不足道
