外刊输入——悟语言之道
Growing from Travel
Sept. 27 is World Tourism Day. Of course, travel isn't a new discovery. Imagine how Italian traveler Marco Polo must have felt when he found himself on Chinese soil, seeing a way of life extremely different from anything he'd seen before.
And how amazing must it have been to listen to Zhang Qian, Chinese explorer, the first man to bring back a reliable account of the lands of Central Asia to the court of China when he returned? He was dispatched by the Han Dynasty emperor Wudi in 138 BCE to establish contact with the Yuezhi people, a Central Asian tribal group that spoke an IndoEuropean language. Captured by the Xiongnu, viewed as enemies of China, he was held for 10 years. Nevertheless, he managed to reach his destination and returned to China after an absence of 13 years. His brain must have been packed with details he'd seen and heard, leading to the founding of the Silk Road.
Travel is one of the most exciting experiences a human being can have. Nowadays, more people are travelling than ever before, using various means of transport. By train, plane and car, people all around the globe are visiting places that people didn't even know or only knew from books.
Some people have travelled all over the world, and travel is a unique way of life to them. They perhaps know what to expect before they make travel arrangements. That's why the best travel is when it's for the first time. Imagine a person who has always wanted to travel to the United States. Of course, they've probably seen the Statue of Liberty a thousand times on the TV, the White House, and all the other famous sights. But none of them would compare to the thrill of looking out of the cabin window as the flight lands, watching the cities, streets and paths of the real America come into view.
Although travel is often just for fun, it's also educational. We may not know that we are getting an education, but we still are. We're learning every day: new words in a new language, new people, and new ways of life. But it is in the school of the world that this powerful learning takes place, not the classroom. The most important one is undoubtedly a moral one. As we get to know foreign places, we come to recognise that there are many different ways to live, and that the way we live isn't necessarily the best way. So, travel teaches toleration.
1.重点词汇再现
(1)extremely adv. 极其地
(2)amazing adj. 令人惊叹的
(3)emperor n. 皇帝
(4)contact n. 联系
(5)view v. 看待
(6)destination n. 目的地
(7)detail n. 细节
(8)transport n. 交通运输
(9)unique adj. 独特的
(10)arrangement n. 安排
(11)sight n. 景色
(12)flight n. 航班
(13)path n. 小路
(14)powerful adj. 强有力的
(15)recognise v. 认出；认可
2．经典句型再现
(1)强调句型
But it is in the school of the world that this powerful learning takes place, not the classroom.
但是这种强有力的学习是在世界的学校里进行的，而不是在教室里。
(2)as引导时间状语从句
As we get to know foreign places, we come to recognise that there are many different ways to live, and that the way we live isn't necessarily the best way.
当我们了解外国的地方时，我们逐渐认识到许多不同的生活方式，而我们的生活方式不一定是最好的。
迷你语料库(Mini Corpus)
序号 | 佳句呈现 | 赏析 |
1 | Peru is a country on the Pacific coast of South America with three main areas①： narrow, dry, flat land running along② the coast, the Andes Mountains, and the Amazon rainforest. | ①用来描述地理位置，特别注意两个介词on和with的选择；②running along是非谓语动词，表示“沿着”。 |
2 | It is for this reason that Spanish is the main official language of Peru. | 强调句型。要特别注意强调句型的构成：It is/ was＋被强调部分＋that＋句子的其他成分。最大的特点：如果去掉It is/was和that 仍然是一个完整的句子。 |
3 | From there, you'll spend one day travelling by boat to your accommodation in the middle of the forest. | 在spend...(in) doing sth.中in可以省略；此句中accommodation表示“住处”。 |
4 | You can then spend three days exploring the rainforest with a local guide and enjoying the plants and animals unique to the rainforest. | 描述旅行计划。其中exploring和enjoying 为并列成分。 |
5 | After reaching your destination, you will have a day to explore and be amazed by this ancient city. | 描述抵达旅行目的地之后的总体计划和感受。可用于介绍旅行计划安排。 |
6 | Especially amazing is the Incas' dry stone method of building. | 表语前置引起全部倒装。表语especially amazing前置是为了突出和强调。可以在写作中使用这种结构。 |
7 | Inca builders cut stones to exact sizes so that nothing was needed to hold walls together other than the perfect fit of the stones. | so that引导结果状语从句，表示“因此……”；other than 表示“除……以外”。 |
8 | Stay in a local hotel, visit the museums, admire the architecture, enjoy the excellent local food, and go shopping at the local markets. | 用祈使句和动词的联动描述旅行活动。在旅行话题的写作中可以使用。 |
9 | Enjoy the beautiful countryside as you spend a day driving along the new highway① connecting② Cusco to Lake Titicaca. | ①as引导时间状语从句；②v.-ing形式作后置定语，修饰名词短语the new highway。 |
续 表
序号 | 佳句呈现 | 赏析 |
10 | I've heard that it is an amazing sight, and I can't wait to go. | 描述迫不及待的心情。can't wait to do＝can hardly wait to do。 |
11 | It's amazing that there are more than 8，000 statues. | it为形式主语，真正的主语为后面that 引导的从句。 |
12 | Come and see the Terracotta Army: more than 8，000 statues were made in the third century BCE to guard the tomb of the Chinese Emperor Qinshihuang！ | 描述中国古代文明的代表——兵马俑。其中“to guard...Qinshihuang”作目的状语。 |
13 | Each statue has a different face, leading researchers to believe that each one is a copy of a real soldier. | 描述兵马俑的迷人之处。其中“leading researchers...soldier”是v.-ing形式作结果状语，表示“自然而然的结果”。 |
读后续写起始篇：读通——情节发展(Plot development)
1．了解叙事模式
故事的发展往往遵循一定的叙述模式，即
开端(Beginning) | 介绍故事发生的背景和人物 |
发展(Rising Action) | 引出文章最大的冲突(conflict) |
高潮(Climax) | 故事冲突最猛烈的地方，即故事发展的顶点 |
尾声(Falling Action) | 故事逐渐收拢，清扫故事发展遗留的问题 |
结局(Ending) | 最大的冲突得以解决，故事结束 |
一般情况下，在读后续写提供的语篇中，已经出现了三部分：开端(Beginning)；发展(Rising Action)；高潮(Climax)。需要续写的两段分别对应尾声(Falling Action)和结局(Ending)。
2．情节山(Plot mountain)
一般情况下，可以采用绘制plot mountain“情节山”的方式整理文章脉络，阐释文章的情节发展。如下图：
通过绘制情节山，可以梳理文章脉络，为下一步的续写做好准备和铺垫。
【典题精析】
阅读下面的材料， 完成以下任务。
Mr. Taylor checked again: water, food, bandage, medicines, a compass, and a map wrapped in plastic...Bingo! He put all that he prepared for the coming hiking into his backpack.
Mr. Taylor was fond of hiking, this time in particular, for it was the first time for him to hike with his two sons, Harry and Joel. Joel liked reading books about explorers and Harry joined the hiking club in his school this term. “It will be an unforgettable experience, definitely.” he whispered to himself, unconsciously a smile spreading over his face.
Harry and Joel, however, argued for the first three miles of their hiking trip. Harry accused Joel of wearing smelly old shoes. Joel blamed Harry for using all of the bug spray (喷雾防虫剂). Harry told Joel he smelled terrible, and Joel called Harry a coward (懦夫)．
“Will the two of you just quiet down and enjoy our hike together？” their father said. “You're missing all of the beautiful scenery！”
It was true. Neither Joel nor Harry had taken notice of the bear their father had spied at the start of their trip. They hadn't looked up at the eagle he pointed out overhead. Worst of all, they hadn't paid any attention to the turns and twists along the way while they continued their argument.
“Joel threw a stick at me！” Harry screamed.
“That's not true！” Joel shouted back.
Mr. Taylor could no longer contain his anger. “And both of you need to stop arguing！” he erupted. As he turned to face them, his left foot caught on a root. He slipped backward and down muddy bank, falling into the river that ran alongside the path.
The two kids, now in a panic, became silent and seemed at a loss what to do next. Mr. Taylor sighed and began to give them instructions. Harry was arranged to spread the wet clothes on a nearby stone and let it dry while Joel was helping Mr. Taylor wrap the wound. Before Mr. Taylor uttered a word, Joel yelled, “If only you had stopped arguing earlier with me! There would be no problem！” “It's not my fault！” Harry retorted, glaring at him with burning anger.
“Just calm down.”Mr. Taylor shouted. The boys lowered their heads, ashamed. They turned to Mr. Taylor for guidance. Fortunately, it was not long before they learned the basics. So they set off again. On the way, they gradually learned to cooperate with each other. Eventually, the hiking turned out to be a delightful experience. Looking at their bright smiles, Mr. Taylor felt all the difficulties were worth it.
1．叙事模式分析
开端 (Beginning) | Paragraphs1－2： Mr. Taylor went hiking with his two sons, Harry and Joel. |
发展 (Rising Action) | Paragraphs：3－7： Harry and Joel argued for the first three miles of their hiking trip． 文章最大的冲突： 哈利和乔尔一直在吵架。 |
高潮(Climax) | Paragraphs：8－10 Mr. Taylor could no longer contain his anger. He slipped backward and down muddy bank, falling into the river that ran alongside the path. 高潮：泰勒先生落水了。幸运的是，虽然全身湿透了，泰勒先生只受了轻伤。 |
尾声 (Falling Action) | Harry and Joel took care of Mr. Taylor, stopped quarrelling, and cooperated to finish the hiking. |
结局(Ending) | They finished hiking successfully. |
2.绘制情节山(Draw plot mountain)
答案：①Mr. Taylor went hiking with his two sons, Harry and Joel.
②Harry and Joel argued for the first three miles of their hiking trip.
③Mr. Taylor fell into the river.
④Harry and Joel took care of Mr. Taylor, stopped quarrelling and cooperated to finish the hiking.
⑤They finished hiking successfully.
