暑假作业（10）名词性从句
2020-2021 学年高二下学期英语
一、填空题
1._____(让我高兴的是) he has passed the exam. (please)
2._________ will be the championship of the ninth season of the "Voice of China" has not been decided.
3.The countries should work together to find _________ will be the best approach to treating COVID-19.
4.You can never imagine _________ great difficulty he had solving the problem.
5.He's more a talker than a doer. That is _____________ he never finishes anything.
6.The first step of inventing something is ________ you have a good idea.
7.There is some doubt _______there is necessity for children to learn foreign languages.
8.It is reported _________ Typhoon Lekima(利奇马) has left 47 dead and 21 missing in three Chinese provinces.
9.The child is always lying, so none of us will believe __________ he says.
10.There is no possibility _______ Bob can win the first prize in the match.
二、阅读理解
A new study suggests some of America's favorite Independence Day fireworks can give out lead and copper (铜), which are used to give fireworks their vivid colors, and also damage human cells and animal lungs.
Led by researchers at NYU Grossman School of Medicine, the study showed poisonous levels of lead in two of 12 samples of commercially-available fireworks. Experiments using human tissue showed that lung exposure to particle emissions (颗粒排放物) from five types of fireworks significantly increased oxidation (氧化), chemical process in the body that can damage or even kill cells.
The researchers say the new study, published online in the journal Particle and Fibre Toxicology, is believed to be the first to examine the effects of firework exposure in human cells and living animals, and to test for particles of common firework metals thrown into the atmosphere.
"While many are careful to protect themselves from injury from explosions, our results suggest that inhaling firework smoke may cause longer-term physical damage, a risk that has been largely ignored," says study senior author Terry Gordon, PhD, a professor in the Department of Environmental Medicine.
Gordon and his team also analyzed 14 years' worth of air quality samples taken at dozens of sites across the US by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) throughout each year. They found that levels of poisonous metals were higher in samples taken on Independence Day and New Year's Eve celebrations than at any other time of the year. Along with lead, copper and other poisonous metals are commonly found in fireworks. "Our research shows that although we are only exposed to these poisonous substances for a short time each year, they are much more poisonous than the pollutants we breathe every day," says Gordon.
Gordon cautions that the current investigation is a first step? only addressing the potential effects of one-time exposure to the firework metals. He says repeated exposure is likely a larger concern. Nevertheless, he is planning to share his findings with local health officials, firework producers? the Environmental Protection Agent, and other regulatory agents to alert them to the potential for harm.
1. Why do some fireworks harm our health?
A. They can give out harmful metals. B. They are exposed to particle emissions.
C. They are significantly oxidized in the air. D. They can melt chemical substances in the body.
2. What does the underlined word "inhaling" in paragraph 4 mean?
A. Taking in. B. Integrating into. C. Letting out. D. Blowing off.
3. What can we infer from Gordon's research findings?
A. Fireworks are the main cause of air pollution.
B. Air quality on New Year's Eve is above normal.
C. People breathe in poisonous air for a short time daily.
D. Air pollution on Independence Day is worse than usual.
4. What does Gordon intend to do with firework-related personnels?
A. Remind them not to set off fireworks.
B. Caution them against producing metals.
C. Warn them of the possible dangers of fireworks.
D. Alert them to the potential harm of the experiment.
三、七选五
Self-care During the Pandemic
Before the pandemic, self-care may have not been a priority for many people. But now, around one year into a worldwide pandemic, taking care of our physical and mental health is even more important than usual. ①_____ It includes many areas and may look different from person to person.
Slowing down and feeling in control
②_____ It can also mean controlling parts of your life that you can control. This is important when the world around you feels out of control.
Remembering that we are still part of a larger community
The World Health Organization (WHO) defines self-care as the ability of individuals, families, and communities to be and stay healthy. The WHO also defines self-care as eating well, being active, and living in a safe environment. Self-care includes both individual wellness and the wellness of the greater community. ③_____ Talking more with friends and family over the phone can be a form of self-care, too. These things strengthen our community and improve our own mental health.
Mental health self-care
Another form of self-care is making time to meet with a mental health specialist, if needed. The Associated Press reports that online mental health services have increased during the pandemic. However, meeting with a mental health professional may not be possible for some people. ④_____
Be kind to yourself
It can help to have a routine—a usual way of doing things. ⑤_____ They also say it is important not to be hard on yourself if you do not keep to the routine every day. Remember, they say, be kind to yourself.
A. There is no exact way to practice self-care.
B. But experts say keeping the routine is simple.
C. Self-care could involve checking on your neighbors.
D. There are a number of ways to take care of ourselves.
E. For some people, self-care may be simply slowing down.
F. Self-care might include learning something new and interesting.
G. So, a doctor has suggestions for other ways to reduce stress during the pandemic.
四、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A new study shows that we could learn vocabulary while we are sleeping. This is great news for students ①_____(struggle) to learn a new language. It is also good for anyone ②_____ is trying to expand their knowledge of words. Researchers in Switzerland have shown that it is possible to learn new information while we are sleeping ③_____ (deep), and then recall this information when we need it after we wake up. This new information ④_____ (include) foreign language vocabulary. The researchers conducted tests on ⑤_____ or not a person can remember new words and their translations while he or she was asleep. They said our sleeping brain is much more aware ⑥_____ the outside world than we thought.
A researcher said, "Language ⑦_____ (area) of the brain were activated" after a person woke up. He also said these parts of the brain allow us ⑧_____ (remember) vocabulary during deep sleep. The researchers said that during deep sleep, our brain cells are ⑨_____ (act) for a short period of time—about half a second. The cells then enters a period of inactivity. The active state is called "up-state" and the inactive state is called "down-state". The "up-state" period is the time when our brain could learn new vocabulary. The researchers say more research ⑩_____ (need) to be 100 per cent sure that we can learn vocabulary while asleep.
答案以及解析
一、
1.答案:What pleases me is that
2.答案:who
解析:考查主语从句。句意为:还未确定谁将成为第九届“中国好声音”的冠军。分析句子结构可知,空格处引导主语从句,指人,且在从句中作主语。故填who。注意首字母大写。
3.答案:what
4.答案:what
解析:考查宾语从句。句意为:你无法想象他解决这个问题有多么困难。 have difficulty (in) doing sth.是固定搭配,意为“做某事有困难”;分析句子结构可知,空格处引导宾语从句,该从句是一个感叹句,结构为“what+形容词+名词+主语+谓语”。故填what。
5.答案:why
解析:考查表语从句。句意:他说得多,做得少。那就是为什么他从未完成任何事情。根据句意可知,本空应用连接副词why引导表语从句。
6.答案:that
解析: 考查名词性从句。句意:发明的第一步是你有一个好主意。分析句子结构可知 you have a good idea部分为表语从句,从句中不缺少句子成分,所以可知答案为that。
7.答案:whether
8.答案:that
解析:考查主语从句。句意为:据报道,台风“利奇马”已经在中国的三个省份造成了47人死亡,21人失踪。It is reported that...是固定句型,意为“据报道……”。it作形式主语,that引导的从句是真正的主语。故填that。
9.答案:what/whatever
解析:考查宾语从句。句意为:这个孩子总是说谎,所以我们都不会相信他说的(任何)话。分析句子结构可知,本句为宾语从句,空格处在从句中作"says"的宾语,意为“……的东西”,应用what或whatever引导该从句。故填what/whatever。
10.答案:that
解析:句意:鲍勃不可能在比赛中得第一名。固定句式:There is no possibility that---,“很可能---”。此处that引导同位语从句,故答案为that。
二、答案:1-4 AADC
解析:1.细节理解题。根据第一段可知,有些烟花可能会释放有毒的金属,损害人的健康。
2.词义猜测题。根据上下文可知,虽然许多人小心翼翼地保护自己免受烟花爆炸伤害, 但研究结果表明,吸人烟花烟雾可能会对身体造成长期的伤害。
3.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段可知,从Gordon的研究结果中可以推断出独立日这天的空气污染比平时更严重。
4.细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句话可知,Gordon提醒相关的人员烟花的潜在危险。
三、答案:①-⑤ AECGB
解析:①根据空后一句“It includes many areas and may look different from person to person.”可知,自我保健包括很多方面,并且对于每个人来说又会有所不同。故A项“没有进行自我保健的确切方式”符合语境, It指代A项中的way。
②根据本段的小标题Slowing down and feeling in control可知,本段的主旨为“慢下来处之泰然”。故E项“对一些人来说,自我保健可能只是慢下来”符合本段主旨,故E项为正确答案。
③本段开头两句是世界卫生组织对自我保健的定义。本空前一句说,自我保健既有个人方面的,也有社区方面的。空后的“Talking more with friends and family over the phone can be a form of self-care, too.”是个人层面的自我保健,所以空处应是在说社区层面的自我保健。故C项“自我保健可能包括看看你的邻居们”承上启下,符合语境。
④根据本空上一句“However, meeting with a mental health professional may not be possible for some people.”可知,不是每个人都能做到与心理专家见面,所以空处应是在说解决心理健康问题的其他方法。故G项“因此,一名医生对在大流行病期间其他减小压力的方法有建议”承接上一句,故G项为正确答案。
⑤根据本空上一句“It can help to have a routine—a usual way of doing things.”可知, B项承接上一句,且有关键词routine作为提示,空后的They指代B项中的experts,故B项为正确答案。
四、答案: struggling; who/ that; deeply; includes; whether; of; areas; to remember; active; is needed/ will be needed
解析:①考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,①_____(struggle) to learn a new language作后置定语,修饰students, students与struggle之间是主谓关系,所以应用现在分词形式。故填struggling。
②考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,②_____ is trying to expand their knowledge of words为限制性定语从句,先行词anyone指人,且空处在从句中作主语。故填who或that。
③考查副词。分析句子结构可知,空处修饰are sleeping,应用副词作状语。故填deeply。
④考查时态和主谓一致。本句所描述的是通常情形下的客观事实,句子用一般现在时。句子的主语是This new information,故谓语动词应该用第三人称单数形式。所以填includes。
⑤考查宾语从句。句意:研究人员对一个人在睡觉时是否能记住新单词及其翻译进行了测试。由后面的or not可知,这里应填从属连词whether,与or not一起引导宾语从句(从句作介词on的宾语）。故填whether。
⑥考查介词。be aware of…为固定搭配,意为“意识到……”,故填of。
⑦考查名词的数。由后面动词were可知,这里的area应该用其复数形式areas。
⑧考查非谓语动词。allow sb to do sth为固定用法,意为“使某人能够做某事;允许某人做某事”。故填to remember。
⑨考查形容词。分析句子结构可知,空处在句中作表语,应用形容词active(意为“活跃的”）。
⑩考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:研究人员说,还需要更多的研究来百分之百确定我们可以在睡觉时学习词汇。此处可指现在或将来发生的动作,句子的主语是more research,且need与主语之间是动宾关系。故填is needed/ will be needed。
