Every 1._________(educate) Chinese knows the name of Bi Sheng, 2.________ invented movable-type printing, one of the four important inventions that ancient China contributed to world civilization. Bi Sheng lived in Bianliang (today's Kaifeng City), then capital of China in the Northern Song Dynasty (960-1127).
Bi Sheng carved individual3._________(character) on identical pieces of fine clay. 4._________ the block had been hardened by fire, the type became durable and could be used anytime and anywhere. The movable type pieces could be glued to an iron plate and 5.________(easy) detached from the plate. Characters could be assembled to print a page and then broken up and redistributed as 6.________(need). When the printing was finished, the pieces could be put away for future use.
Contrary 7.________ many claims, Bi Sheng's clay types were not fragile but in fact, "hard and tough as horn". Bi Sheng's invention 8._________(record) Shen Kuo (1031-1095), the Chinese polymath, scientist, and statesman, in 9.________(he) book The Dream Pool Essays' in 1088 AD.
Movable type printing developed very fast and spread to Korea, Japan, Vietnam, and finally to Europe, while based on the clay type, the type made of wood, lead, tin, and copper 10.________ (gradual) appeared.
答案
1.educated 2.who 3.characters 4.After 5.easily 6. needed 7.to 8.was recorded 9.his 10.gradually
翻译
每个受过教育的中国人都知道毕昇，因为他发明了活字印刷——这是中国古代为世界文明做出贡献的四个重要发明之一。毕昇住在汴梁（今天的开封），当时北宋的都城。
毕昇的活字印刷是这样制作的：先用胶泥做成一个个规格统一的单字，用火烧硬后，字块儿会变得经久耐用。字块儿粘在铁板上，很容易从铁板上拆下来。它们可以组装起来打印，然后根据需要拆分和重新搭配。当印刷完成后，这些活字可以放在一边以备将来再次使用。
许多人认为毕昇发明的胶泥活字非常易碎，其实正好相反，事实上这些字块儿“像牛角一样坚硬”。
古代博学家、科学家、政治家沈括在他的《梦溪笔谈》中记载了毕昇的发明。
活字印刷术发展很快，先后传到了韩国、日本、越南，最后传到了欧洲。在胶泥字的基础上，逐渐出现了由木头、铅、锡、铜做成的活字。
词汇解析
movable-type printing活字印刷
contribute to / kənˈtrɪbjuːt tu /有助于；捐献
identical / aɪˈdentɪk(ə)l /adj. 完全相同的；同一的
durable / ˈdjʊərəb(ə)l /adj. 持久的，耐用的
例：
The durable high-impact plastic case is water resistant to 100 feet.
这种耐久的高强度塑料盒在100英尺水深以内是防水的。
This is because these are more affordable and some are even more durable.
这是因为它们更加的价廉物美，更加经久耐用。
detach / dɪˈtætʃ /v. 拆下，使分离；脱离，摆脱
fragile / ˈfrædʒaɪl /adj. 易碎的，易损的；不牢固的，易被摧毁的
例：
He leaned back in his fragile chair.
他向后靠在他那把不结实的椅子上。
The fragile economies of several southern African nations could be irreparably damaged.
几个南部非洲国家脆弱的经济可能会无可挽救地被摧垮。
