暑假作业（4）介词和介词短语
2020-2021 学年高二下学期英语
一、填空题
1.__________（除此以外） blogging and taking photos, volunteers also need to write articles.
2.Tickets _________ the 2017 Grand Chinese New Year Concert in ST Petersburg sold out, with 90% of the audience local Russians.
3.Underground water is ________ average, which is a warning signal of water shortage.
4.If something lets you ________, it is the reason you are not as successful as you could have been.
5.There would not be a good harvest of rice this year due _________ the drought.
6.The school is holding a party in the meeting hall in preparation _________ the Mayor's visit.
7.He switched the conversation from one subject _________ another.
8.I'm not in favor __________ his argument, because it is legal to take photos of famous people during the process of the interview.
9.Throughout my childhood, my grandmother provided me __________ unconditional love.
10.Like my brothers, I cannot live up to my parents' expectations; __________ other words, I let them down.
二、阅读理解
Rumaasha Maasha, an engineer at NASA, was preparing to fly from Huntsville to Colorado back in January when he spotted a liquid leak from his window seat on the wing.
"Normally, if it's a wet day, you'll see vortices (旋涡) off the wing. About 1,000 feet off the ground, I started seeing something white and thought, 'maybe we're just hitting some humidity (湿气).'Well, after a while it was still doing it, and that's when I knew something was up. I looked closer and immediately realized that we were losing fuel." Maasha also knew that as the plane increased in altitude, the situation would got worse.
"I gestured the flight attendant to come over and fortunately she was very attentive, "he said, "She called the crew and the key thing is that she did this as we were still climbing out. Within a minute or two, they reduced speed and leveled off. The fuel leak diminished immediately when they slowed down."
Much to the anger of the passengers, the plane returned to the Huntsville airports, but upon finding out the reason for the return—and the hero behind it—some of the passengers made friends with Maasha.
Maasha's experience with NASA wasn't the only thing that came in handy that day, the engineer first fell in love with aviation (航空) as a teenager growing up near an airport in Monrovia, Liberia. "Since I was a kid, I've always tried to sit in a window seat near the wing, and as I grew up, I am determined to run after my dream during my university years. That's not the first time I've noticed something. I'm sure it won't be the last."
1. When did Maasha realize something went wrong?
A. Before the plane started to fly. B. When the white thing continued to leak.
C. Before the weather became humid. D. When he first noticed the liquid.
2. What does the underlined word "diminished" mean in paragraph 3?
A. Worsened. B. Decreased. C. Occurred. D. Continued.
3. What played an important role in Maasha's brave action?
A. His birth place and home location. B. His university years and honesty.
C. His childhood education and seat choice. D. His working experience and personal interest.
4. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. A Childhood Dream Has Come True B. Fluid Leaking Happened to a Jet
C. A NASA Engineer Saved Passengers D. Passengers Feel Grateful to an Engineer
三、七选五
Apps(short for applications) are becoming increasingly popular nowadays, and for good reason. They can help you out in just about every area of your life, whether it's keeping fit, communicating with friends, or even learning a language. ①_____ Here's what you should think about before downloading an app for language learning.
· Learn from diverse sources(not just apps)
Any seasoned language learner will tell you that the beauty of mastering a foreign language is the world which it opens up to you. This is a world of diverse sources of information, from newspapers and books to TV, radio, music and even real people. Would you limit yourself to one medium in your native language? ②_____
· Establish your purpose and plan your habits
Do you want to be fluent in weeks or are you in it for the brain training? The good apps are designed to help you fit your studies around your timetable. ③_____ These apps encourage habit building, because the successful formation of a habit ensures your safe and regular return.
· Make it social
④_____ I mean social for real. I owe the speed of progress I made in Italian to the support from Jim, my partner in study time, Find a friend to accompany you. Take an evening class. Borrow a book. Buy a book. Book a week away and attend a language school. Just don't forget your phone!
If I may speak sincerely, the combination of app, language school, Jim, evenings out, and a choice book or two proved extremely effective. ⑤_____
A. I recommend it.
B. Remember that an app is just a tool.
C. I don't mean that you post your progress online.
D. I encourage you to use apps as often as you can.
E. Probably not, so why do so in your new language?
F. The best apps adapt themselves according to your behavior.
G. However, you need to know how to use them properly to really benefit.
四、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Like many other students, you may have various people, ①________(include) family members and friends, giving input on your college decision.
While many of your trusted relatives and peers(同龄人) may have very ②________ (value) advice that can help you to make the decision, finally the choice is yours and yours alone. Only you can fully realize which aspects of a college will make you truly happy and ③________ (satisfy), so keep that at the front of your mind.
Moreover, fully consider each option. It can be easy ④________ (let) a particular school become a front-runner early on ⑤________ your decision-making process, and it may even become the winning choice—but be sure to carefully evaluate every school ⑥________ has accepted you, since you had particular reasons for applying to each school.
Do keep ⑦________ open mind. Students can change majors, but remember that there's no reliving a certain semester, and there's no making up for lost time. Don't go to a school ⑧________ (specific) for a high school relationship ⑨________ to make someone else happy. A ⑩________ (student) college experience is his or her own, and the student must put his or her education first.
答案以及解析
一、
1.答案:In addition to
解析:根据所给的汉语提示"除此以外"和句子结构可知,此处考查介词短语,"除此以外"的英语是in addition to,句首单词,首字母需大写。故填In addition to。
2.答案:for
3.答案:below
4.答案:down
5.答案:to
解析:考查介词短语。句意为:由于旱灾,今年水稻不会有好收成。due to是固定短语,意为“因为,由于”。故填to。
6.答案:for
解析:考查介词短话。句意为:这所学校正在会议厅举办联欢会,为市长的来访做准备。in preparation for是固定短语,意为“……做准备”。故填for。
7.答案:to
解析:考查介词。句意为:他转移话题了。switch... from... to...是固定搭配,意为"把……从……转向……",故填to。
8.答案:of
解析:考查介词短语。句意为:我不赞成他的论点,因为在采访过程中拍摄名人的照片是合法的。in favor of是固定短语,意为“支持,赞同”。故填of。
9.答案:with
解析:考查介词的用法。句意为:在我的整个童年时期,我的祖母给予了我无条件的爱。provide sb. with sth.是固定用法,意为“给某人提供某物”。故填with。
10.答案:in
解析:考查介词短语。句意为:像我的哥哥们一样,我达不到父母的期望;换句话说,我让他们失望了。 in other words是固定短语,意为"换句话说"。故填in。
二、答案:1-4 BBDC
解析:1.细节理解题。根据第二段第三句可知,Maasha第一次发现液体泄漏的时候觉得这是正常的现象。但当飞机升空后,液体继续泄漏时, 他便意识到飞机出问题了。
2.词义猜测题。根据第二段最后一句可知,Maasha知道随着飞机高度增加,机翼漏油的现象会更严重。他告知了乘务人员飞机出了问题,然后机组人员采取了相应措施(减慢了飞机飞行的速度,降低了高度),液体泄漏的情况得到了控制。由此可知diminish意为“减少”。
3.细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句可知,在这次拯救飞机和乘客的行为中,Maasha的工作经验和从孩童时期开始对航空的兴趣发挥了作用。
4.主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了NASA工程师Maasha在乘飞机时,根据自己的知识和经验拯救了飞机上的乘客的故事。
三、答案:①-⑤ GEFCA
解析:①空处前一句提到应用软件几乎可以在你生活的方方面面帮助你,比如保持健康,与朋友交流,甚至是学习一门语言;结合后一句在下载语言学习软件之前应该考虑一些问题可以判断,空处承上启下,说明要正确使用这些应用软件才能真正获益,故G项正确。
②空处前一句为疑问句,据此可以判断,本空应承接上文,作出回答;由文章内容可推知,作者不赞同仅通过一种媒介学习外语,并鼓励通过不同资源学习外语,故E项“很可能不会,那学习新语言时为什么要如此呢?”符合语境。
③根据空处上句“The good apps are designed to help you arrange your studies around your timetable”可知,良好的应用程序是用来帮助你按照你的学习时间表安排学业的；据此可以判断,空处与此句对应,进一步说明好的应用软件的特点,故F项“最好的应用程序会根据你的行为进行自我调整”正确。
④根据下句“I mean that you need to socialize for real”可知,作者指的是真正的社交;据此可以判断,空处与此对应,不是指把进步发在网络上,故C项正确。
⑤根据空前一句以及上段可知,作者结合自己的语言学习经历给出建议,真诚推荐自己亲历的行之有效的方法,即结合各种学习方式,故选项A符合语境,it指代上文的“the combination of...”。
四、答案:including; valuable; satisfied; to let; in/ during; that; an; specifically; or; student's
解析:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要是关于学生该如何选择自己要上的学校的建议,说明了虽然亲戚和朋友可能有非常有价值的建议,但还是要自己做决定,充分考虑每一种选择,保持开放的心态,把自己的教育放在首位。
①考查介词。句意:像许多其他学生一样,你可能会有各种各样的人,包括家庭成员和朋友,为你的大学决定提供意见。结合句意表示“包含……在内”,后跟名词"family members and friends"作宾语,应用介词including。故填including。
②考查形容词。句意:虽然许多你信任的亲戚和同龄人可能有非常有价值的建议可以帮助你做决定,但是最终的选择权是你自己的。修饰下文名词advice,作定语,应用形容词valuable。故填valuable。
③ 考查形容词。句意:只有你自己才能充分意识到大学的哪些方面会让你真正感到快乐和满足,所以要把这一点放在心上。此处为"make+宾语+宾补”结构,此处修饰人应用-ed结尾的形容词,作宾补。故填satisfied。
④考查非谓语动词。句意:在你做决定的早期阶段,把一所特定的学校作为首选是很容易的,它甚至可能成为你的最佳选择——但一定要仔细评估每一所录取你的学校,因为你申请每一所学校都有特定的理由。此处为"it be+adj. +to do sth."句型,it作形式主语,不定式为真正主语。故填to let。
⑤ 考查介词。句意见上题解析。结合语境可知,表示“在……阶段”应该是介词in和process的搭配。故填in。
⑥考查定语从句。句意见第4小题解析。此处为定语从句修饰先行词 school,先行词在从句中作主语,指物,且由 every修饰,只能用关系代词that引导。故填that。
⑦考查冠词。句意:一定要保持开放的心态。结合句意可知,表示“保持开放心态”用短语 keep an open mind。故填an。
⑧考查副词。句意:不要专门为了一段高中恋情或者让别人开心而去一所学校上学。修饰下文介词短语“ for a high school relationship”应用副词形式,作状语。故填 specifically。
⑨考查连词。句意见上题解析。否定句中,表示“或者”应用连词or。故填or。
⑩考查名词所有格。句意:一个学生的大学经历是他或她自己的,学生必须把他或她的教育放在首位。此处 student与下文 college experience构成所属关系。再根据下文“ his or her own”可知这里指一个学生的大学经历,故应用有生命的名词所有格形式。故填 student's。
